man dgrep (1): Grep standard input for lines that match EXPRESSION.

SYNOPSIS

dgrep [OPTION]... EXPRESSION

DESCRIPTION

Grep standard input for lines that match EXPRESSION.

EXPRESSION may be date/times prefixed with an operator `<', `<=', '=', '>=', which will match lines with date/times which are older, older-equal, equal, newer-equal, newer, or not equal respectively.

EXPRESSION may also be format specifiers infixed by above operators and suffixed by a value (e.g. `%a="Wed"') which matches lines whose %a representation (weekday name abbreviated) is "Wed".

EXPRESSION may be statements as described above concatenated through `&&' (for conjunction) or `||' (disjunction), both of which may be parenthesised as per usual to change precedence (`&&' goes over `||').

If multiple date/times occur on the same line and any one of them fulfills the criteria then the line is considered a match and will be output.

Note:
  Operations can be specified by options (--eq, --gt, ...) as well.
  This serves solely as a means of convenience, e.g. the dtest tool has a
  similar syntax.

Recognized OPTIONs:

-h, --help: Print help and exit
-V, --version: Print version and exit
-q, --quiet: Suppress message about date/time and duration parser errors.
-i, --input-format=STRING...: Input format, can be used multiple times. Each date/time will be passed to the input format parsers in the order they are given, if a date/time can be read successfully with a given input format specifier string, that value will be used.
-e, --backslash-escapes: Enable interpretation of backslash escapes in the output and input format specifier strings.
-o, --only-matching: Show only the part of a line matching DATE.
-v, --invert-match: Select non-matching lines.
--from-zone=ZONE: Consider date/times on stdin as coming from the zone ZONE, default: UTC.
-z, --zone=ZONE: Consider date/times in EXPRESSION as coming from the zone ZONE, default: UTC.
--eq: Lines match when date/times are equal to EXPRESSION.
--ne: Lines match when date/times are not the same as EXPRESSION.
--gt: Lines match when date/times are newer than EXPRESSION.
--lt: Lines match when date/times are older than EXPRESSION.
--ge: Lines match when date/times are newer than or equal EXPRESSION.
--le: Lines match when date/times are older than or equal EXPRESSION.
--nt: Lines match when date/times are newer than or equal EXPRESSION.
--ot: Lines match when date/times are older than or equal EXPRESSION.

FORMAT SPECS

Format specs in dateutils are similar to posix' strftime().

However, due to a broader range of supported calendars dateutils must employ different rules.

Date specs:

  %a  The abbreviated weekday name
  %A  The full weekday name
  %_a The weekday name shortened to a single character (MTWRFAS)
  %b  The abbreviated month name
  %B  The full month name
  %_b The month name shortened to a single character (FGHJKMNQUVXZ)
  %c  The count of the weekday within the month (range 00 to 05)
  %C  The count of the weekday within the year (range 00 to 53)
  %d  The day of the month, 2 digits (range 00 to 31)
  %D  The day of the year, 3 digits (range 000 to 366)
  %F  Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d (ymd's canonical format)
  %j  Equivalent to %D
  %m  The month in the current calendar (range 00 to 19)
  %Q  The quarter of the year (range Q1 to Q4)
  %q  The number of the quarter (range 01 to 04)
  %s  The number of seconds since the Epoch.
  %u  The weekday as number (range 01 to 07, Sunday being 07)
  %U  The week count,  day of week is Sun (range 00 to 53)
  %V  The ISO week count,  day of week is Mon (range 01 to 53)
  %w  The weekday as number (range 00 to 06, Sunday being 00)
  %W  The week count,  day of week is Mon (range 00 to 53)
  %y  The year without a century (range 00 to 99)
  %Y  The year including the century
  %Z  The zone offset in hours and minutes (HH:MM) with
      a preceding sign (+ for offsets east of UTC, - for offsets
      west of UTC)

  %Od The day as roman numerals
  %Om The month as roman numerals
  %Oy The two digit year as roman numerals
  %OY The year including the century as roman numerals

  %rs In time systems whose Epoch is different from the unix Epoch, this
      selects the number of seconds since then.
  %rY In calendars with years that don't coincide with the Gregorian
      years, this selects the calendar's year.

  %dth  The day of the month as an ordinal number, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.
  %mth  The month of the year as an ordinal number, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.

  %db The business day of the month (since last month's ultimo)
  %dB Number of business days until this month's ultimo

Time specs:

  %H  The hour of the day using a 24h clock, 2 digits (range 00 to 23)
  %I  The hour of the day using a 12h clock, 2 digits (range 01 to 12)
  %M  The minute (range 00 to 59)
  %N  The nanoseconds (range 000000000 to 999999999)
  %p  The string AM or PM, noon is PM and midnight is AM.
  %P  Like %p but in lowercase
  %S  The  (range 00 to 60, 60 is for leap seconds)
  %T  Equivalent to %H:%M:%S

General specs:

  %n  A newline character
  %t  A tab character
  %%  A literal % character

Modifiers:

  %O  Modifier to turn decimal numbers into Roman numerals
  %r  Modifier to turn units into real units
  th  Suffix, read and print ordinal numbers
  b   Suffix, treat days as business days

By design dates before 1601-01-01 are not supported.

For conformity here is a list of calendar designators and their corresponding format string:

  ymd     %Y-%m-%d
  ymcw    %Y-%m-%c-%w
  ywd     %rY-W%V-%u
  bizda   %Y-%m-%db
  lilian     n/a
  ldn        n/a
  julian     n/a
  jdn        n/a

These designators can be used as output format string, moreover, @code{lilian}/@code{ldn} and @code{julian}/@code{jdn} can also be used as input format string.

EXAMPLES

  $ dgrep 2012-03-01 <<EOF
  2012-02-28
  2012-02-29
  2012-03-01
  2012-03-02
  EOF
  2012-03-01
  $

  $ dgrep '<2012-03-01' <<EOF
  2012-02-28
  2012-02-29
  2012-03-01
  2012-03-02
  EOF
  2012-02-28
  2012-02-29
  $

  $ dgrep =2012-03-01 <<EOF
  2012-02-28
  2012-02-29
  2012-03-01
  2012-03-02
  EOF
  2012-02-28
  2012-02-29
  2012-03-02
  $

  $ dgrep =2012-03-01 <<EOF
  Feb   2012-02-28
  Feb   2012-02-29      leap day
  Mar   2012-03-01
  Mar   2012-03-02
  EOF
  Mar   2012-03-01
  $

  $ dgrep -o <2012-03-01 <<EOF
  Feb   2012-02-28
  Feb   2012-02-29      leap day
  Mar   2012-03-01
  Mar   2012-03-02
  EOF
  2012-02-28
  2012-02-29
  $

  $ dgrep '>=12:00:00' <<EOF
  fileA 11:59:58
  fileB 11:59:59        leap ?
  fileNOON      12:00:00        new version
  fileC 12:03:12
  EOF
  fileNOON      12:00:00        new version
  fileC 12:03:12
  $

  $ dgrep -o '>=12:00:00' <<EOF
  fileA 11:59:58
  fileB 11:59:59        leap ?
  fileNOON      12:00:00        new version
  fileC 12:03:12
  EOF
  12:00:00
  12:03:12
  $

  $ dgrep 2012-03-01 <<EOF
  2012-02-28T10:00:00
  2012-02-29T10:00:00
  2012-03-01T10:00:00
  2012-03-02T10:00:00
  EOF
  2012-03-01T10:00:00
  $

  $ dgrep '<2012-03-01' <<EOF
  2012-02-28T10:00:00
  2012-02-29T10:00:00
  2012-03-01T10:00:00
  2012-03-02T10:00:00
  EOF
  2012-02-28T10:00:00
  2012-02-29T10:00:00
  $

  $ dgrep 2012-03-01T10:00:00 <<EOF
  2012-02-28T10:00:00
  2012-02-29T10:00:00
  2012-03-01T10:00:00
  2012-03-02T10:00:00
  EOF
  2012-03-01T10:00:00
  $

  $ dgrep '<2012-03-01T14:00:00' <<EOF
  2012-02-28T10:00:00
  2012-02-29T10:00:00
  2012-03-01T10:00:00
  2012-03-02T10:00:00
  EOF
  2012-02-28T10:00:00
  2012-02-29T10:00:00
  2012-03-01T10:00:00
  $

AUTHOR

Written by Sebastian Freundt <[email protected]>

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