SYNOPSIS
s3270 [options] [host]
s3270 [options] session-file.s3270
DESCRIPTION
s3270 opens a telnet connection to an IBM host, then allows a script to control the host login session. It is derived from x3270(1), an X-windows IBM 3270 emulator. It implements RFCs 2355 (TN3270E), 1576 (TN3270) and 1646 (LU name selection), and supports IND$FILE file transfer.The full syntax for host is:
- [prefix:]...[LUname@]hostname[:port]
Prepending a P: onto hostname causes the connection to go through the telnet-passthru service rather than directly to the host. See PASSTHRU below.
Prepending an S: onto hostname removes the "extended data stream" option reported to the host. See -tn below for further information.
Prepending an N: onto hostname turns off TN3270E support for the session.
Prepending an L: onto hostname causes s3270 to first create an SSL tunnel to the host, and then create a TN3270 session inside the tunnel. (This function is supported only if s3270 was built with SSL/TLS support). Note that TLS-encrypted sessions using the TELNET START-TLS option are negotiated with the host automatically; for these sessions the L: prefix should not be used.
A specific Logical Unit (LU) name to use may be specified by prepending it to the hostname with an `@'. Multiple LU names to try can be separated by commas. An empty LU can be placed in the list with an extra comma. (Note that the LU name is used for different purposes by different kinds of hosts. For example, CICS uses the LU name as the Terminal ID.)
The hostname may optionally be placed inside square-bracket characters `[' and `]'. This will prevent any colon `:' characters in the hostname from being interpreted as indicating option prefixes or port numbers. This allows numeric IPv6 addresses to be used as hostnames.
On systems that support the forkpty library call, the hostname may be replaced with -e and a command string. This will cause s3270 to connect to a local child process, such as a shell.
The port to connect to defaults to telnet. This can be overridden with the -port option, or by appending a port to the hostname with a colon `:'. (For compatability with previous versions of s3270 and with tn3270(1), the port may also be specified as a second, separate argument.)
OPTIONS
s3270 understands the following options:
- -accepthostname spec
- Specifies a particular hostname to accept when validating the name presented in the host's SSL certificate, instead of comparing to the name or address used to make the connection. spec can either be any, which disables name validation, DNS:hostname, which matches a particular DNS hostname, or IP:address, which matches a particular numeric IPv4 or IPv6 address.
- -cadir directory
- Specifies a directory containing CA (root) certificates to use when verifying a certificate provided by the host.
- -cafile filename
- Specifies a PEM-format file containing CA (root) certificates to use when verifying a certificate provided by the host.
- -certfile filename
- Specifies a file containing a certificate to provide to the host, if requested. The default file type is PEM.
- -certfiletype type
- Specifies the type of the certificate file specified by -certfile. Type can be pem or asn1.
- -chainfile filename
- Specifies a certificate chain file in PEM format, containing a certificate to provide to the host if requested, as well as one or more intermediate certificates and the CA certificate used to sign that certificate. If -chainfile is specified, it overrides -certfile.
- -charset name
- Specifies an EBCDIC host character set.
- -clear toggle
- Sets the initial value of toggle to false. The list of toggle names is under TOGGLES below.
- -devname name
- Specifies a device name (workstation ID) for RFC 4777 support.
- -im method
- Specifies the name of the input method to use for multi-byte input. (Supported only when s3270 is compiled with DBCS support.)
- -keyfile filename
- Specifies a file containing the private key for the certificate file (specified via -certfile or -chainfile). The default file type is PEM.
- -keyfiletype type
- Specifies the type of the private key file specified by -keyfile. Type can be pem or asn1.
- -keypasswd type:value
- Specifies the password for the private key file, if it is encrypted. The argument can be file:filename, specifying that the password is in a file, or string:string, specifying the password on the command-line directly. If the private key file is encrypted and no -keypasswd option is given, secure connections will not be allowed.
- -km name
- Specifies the local encoding method for multi-byte text. name is an encoding name recognized by the ICU library. (Supported only when s3270 is compiled with DBCS support, and necessary only when s3270 cannot figure it out from the locale.)
- -loginmacro Action(arg...) ...
- Specifies a macro to run at login time.
- -model name
- The model of 3270 display to be emulated. The model name is in two parts, either of which may be omitted:
- The first part is the base model, which is either 3278 or 3279. 3278 specifies a monochrome (green on black) 3270 display; 3279 specifies a color 3270 display.
- The second part is the model number, which specifies the number of rows and columns. Model 4 is the default.
| Model Number | Columns |
Rows
|
| 2 | 80 |
24
|
| 3 | 80 |
32
|
| 4 | 80 |
43
|
| 5 | 132 |
27
|
- Note: Technically, there is no such 3270 display as a 3279-4 or 3279-5, but most hosts seem to work with them anyway.
- The default model is 3279-4.
- -oversize colsxrows
- Makes the screen larger than the default for the chosen model number. This option has effect only in combination with extended data stream support (controlled by the "s3270.extended" resource), and only if the host supports the Query Reply structured field. The number of columns multiplied by the number of rows must not exceed 16383 (3fff hex), the limit of 14-bit 3270 buffer addressing.
- -port n
- Specifies a different TCP port to connect to. n can be a name from /etc/services like telnet, or a number. This option changes the default port number used for all connections. (The positional parameter affects only the initial connection.)
- -proxy type:host[:port]
- Causes s3270 to connect via the specified proxy, instead of using a direct connection. The host can be an IP address or hostname. The optional port can be a number or a service name. For a list of supported proxy types, see PROXY below.
- -scriptport port
- Causes s3270 to listen for scripting connections on local TCP port port.
- -selfsignedok
- When verifying a host SSL certificate, allow it to be self-signed.
- -set toggle
- Sets the initial value of toggle to true. The list of toggle names is under TOGGLES below.
- -socket
- Causes the emulator to create a Unix-domain socket when it starts, for use by script processes to send commands to the emulator. The socket is named /tmp/x3sck.process_id. The -p option of x3270if causes it to use this socket, instead of pipes specified by environment variables.
- -tn name
- Specifies the terminal name to be transmitted over the telnet connection. The default name is IBM-model_name-E, for example, IBM-3278-4-E.
- Some hosts are confused by the -E suffix on the terminal name, and will ignore the extra screen area on models 3, 4 and 5. Prepending an s: on the hostname, or setting the "s3270.extended" resource to "false", removes the -E from the terminal name when connecting to such hosts.
- The name can also be specified with the "s3270.termName" resource.
- -trace
- Turns on data stream and event tracing at startup. The default trace file name is /tmp/x3trc.process_id.
- -tracefile file
- Specifies a file to save data stream and event traces into. If the name starts with `>>', data will be appended to the file.
- -tracefilesize size
- Places a limit on the size of a trace file. If this option is not specified, or is specified as 0 or none, the trace file size will be unlimited. The minimum size is 64 Kbytes. The value of size can have a K or M suffix, indicating kilobytes or megabytes respectively. When the trace file reaches the size limit, it will be renamed with a `-' appended and a new file started.
- -user name
- Specifies the user name for RFC 4777 support.
- -utf8
- Forces the local codeset to be UTF-8, ignoring the locale or Windows codepage.
- -v
- Display the version and build options for s3270 and exit.
- -verifycert
- For SSL or SSL/TLS connections, verify the host certificate, and do not allow the connection to complete unless it can be validated.
- -xrm "s3270.resource: value"
- Sets the value of the named resource to value. Resources control less common s3270 options, and are defined under RESOURCES below.
These names are also used as the first parameter to the Toggle action.
ACTIONS
Here is a complete list of basic s3270 actions. Script-specific actions are described on the x3270-script(1) manual page.Actions marked with an asterisk (*) may block, sending data to the host and possibly waiting for a response.
|
*Attn | attention key | |||
|
BackSpace | move cursor left (or send ASCII BS) | |||
|
BackTab | tab to start of previous input field | |||
|
CircumNot | input "^" in NVT mode, or "notsign" in 3270 mode | |||
|
*Clear | clear screen | |||
|
*Connect(host) | connect to host | |||
|
*CursorSelect | Cursor Select AID | |||
|
Delete | delete character under cursor (or send ASCII DEL) | |||
|
DeleteField | delete the entire field | |||
|
DeleteWord | delete the current or previous word | |||
|
*Disconnect | disconnect from host | |||
|
Down | move cursor down | |||
|
Dup | duplicate field | |||
|
*Enter | Enter AID (or send ASCII CR) | |||
|
Erase | erase previous character (or send ASCII BS) | |||
|
EraseEOF | erase to end of current field | |||
|
EraseInput | erase all input fields | |||
|
Execute(cmd) | execute a command in a shell | |||
|
FieldEnd | move cursor to end of field | |||
|
FieldMark | mark field | |||
|
HexString(hex_digits) | insert control-character string | |||
|
Home | move cursor to first input field | |||
|
Insert | set insert mode | |||
|
*Interrupt | send TELNET IP to host | |||
|
Key(keysym) | insert key keysym | |||
|
Key(0xxx) | insert key with character code xx | |||
|
Left | move cursor left | |||
|
Left2 | move cursor left 2 positions | |||
|
MonoCase | toggle uppercase-only mode | |||
|
MoveCursor(row, col) | move cursor to (row,col) | |||
|
Newline | move cursor to first field on next line (or send ASCII LF) | |||
|
NextWord | move cursor to next word | |||
|
*PA(n) | Program Attention AID (n from 1 to 3) | |||
|
*PF(n) | Program Function AID (n from 1 to 24) | |||
|
PreviousWord | move cursor to previous word | |||
|
Quit | exit s3270 | |||
|
Redraw | redraw window | |||
|
Reset | reset locked keyboard | |||
|
Right | move cursor right | |||
|
Right2 | move cursor right 2 positions | |||
|
*Script(command[,arg...]) | run a script | |||
|
*String(string) | insert string (simple macro facility) | |||
|
*SysReq | System Request AID | |||
|
Tab | move cursor to next input field | |||
|
Toggle(option[,set|clear]) | toggle an option | |||
|
ToggleInsert | toggle insert mode | |||
|
ToggleReverse | toggle reverse-input mode | |||
|
*Transfer(option=value...) | file transfer | |||
|
Up | move cursor up |
Note that certain parameters to s3270 actions (such as the names of files and keymaps) are subject to substitutions:
The character ~ at the beginning of a string is replaced with the user's home directory. A ~ character followed by a username is replaced with that user's home directory.
Environment variables are substituted using the Unix shell convention of $name or ${name}.
Two special pseudo-environment variables are supported. ${TIMESTAMP} is replaced with a microsecond-resolution timestamp; ${UNIQUE} is replaced with a string guaranteed to make a unique filename (the process ID optionally followed by a dash and a string of digits). ${UNIQUE} is used to form trace file names.
FILE TRANSFER
The Transfer action implements IND$FILE file transfer. This action requires that the IND$FILE program be installed on the IBM host, and that the 3270 cursor be located in a field that will accept a TSO or VM/CMS command.
Because of the complexity and number of options for file transfer, the parameters to the Transfer action take the unique form of option=value, and can appear in any order. Note that if the value contains spaces (such as a VM/CMS file name), then the entire parameter must be quoted, e.g., "HostFile=xxx foo a". The options are:
| Option | Required? | Default |
Other Values
|
| Direction | No | receive |
send
|
| HostFile | Yes |
| |
| LocalFile | Yes |
| |
| Host | No | tso |
vm, cics
|
| Mode | No | ascii |
binary
|
| Cr | No | remove |
add, keep
|
| Remap | No | yes |
no
|
| Exist | No | keep |
replace, append
|
| Recfm | No |
fixed, variable, undefined
| |
| Lrecl | No |
| |
| Blksize | No |
| |
| Allocation | No |
tracks, cylinders, avblock
| |
| PrimarySpace | No |
| |
| SecondarySpace | No |
| |
| BufferSize | No | 4096 |
|
The option details are as follows.
- Direction
- send to send a file to the host, receive to receive a file from the host.
- HostFile
- The name of the file on the host.
- LocalFile
- The name of the file on the local workstation.
- Host
- The type of host (which dictates the form of the IND$FILE command): tso (the default), vm or cics.
- Mode
- Use ascii (the default) for a text file, which will be translated between EBCDIC and ASCII as necessary. Use binary for non-text files.
- Cr
- Controls how Newline characters are handled when transferring Mode=ascii files. remove (the default) strips Newline characters in local files before transferring them to the host. add adds Newline characters to each host file record before transferring it to the local workstation. keep preserves Newline characters when transferring a local file to the host.
- Remap
- Controls text translation for Mode=ascii files. The value yes (the default) causes s3270 to remap the text to ensure maximum compatibility between the workstation's character set and encoding and the host's EBCDIC code page. The value no causes s3270 to pass the text to or from the host as-is, leaving all translation to the IND$FILE program on the host.
- Exist
- Controls what happens when the destination file already exists. keep (the default) preserves the file, causing the Transfer action to fail. replace overwrites the destination file with the source file. append appends the source file to the destination file.
- Recfm
- Controls the record format of files created on the host. (TSO and VM hosts only.) fixed creates a file with fixed-length records. variable creates a file with variable-length records. undefined creates a file with undefined-length records (TSO hosts only). The Lrecl option controls the record length or maximum record length for Recfm=fixed and Recfm=variable files, respectively.
- Lrecl
- Specifies the record length (or maximum record length) for files created on the host. (TSO and VM hosts only.)
- Blksize
- Specifies the block size for files created on the host. (TSO and VM hosts only.)
- Allocation
- Specifies the units for the PrimarySpace and SecondarySpace options: tracks, cylinders or avblock. (TSO hosts only.)
- PrimarySpace
- Primary allocation for a file, The units are given by the Allocation option. (TSO hosts only.)
- SecondarySpace
- Secondary allocation for a file. The units are given by the Allocation option. (TSO hosts only.)
- BufferSize
-
Buffer size for DFT-mode transfers.
Can range from 256 to 32768.
Larger values give better performance, but some hosts may not be able to
support them.
THE PRINTTEXT ACTION
The PrintText produces screen snapshots in a number of different forms. The default form wth no arguments sends a copy of the screen to the default printer. A single argument is the command to use to print, e.g., lpr. Multiple arguments can include keywords to control the output of PrintText:- file filename
- Save the output in a file.
- html
- Save the output as HTML. This option implies file.
- rtf
- Save the output as RichText. This option implies file. The font defaults to Courier New and the point size defaults to 8. These can be overridden by the printTextFont and printTextSize resources, respectively.
- string
- Return the output as a string. This can only be used from scripts.
- modi
- Render modified fields in italics.
- caption text
- Add the specified text as a caption above the output. Within text, the special sequence %T% will be replaced with a timestamp.
- command command
-
Directs the output to a command.
This allows one or more of the other keywords to be specified, while still
sending the output to the printer.
NESTED SCRIPTS
There are several types of nested script functions available.- The String Action
-
The simplest method for
nested scripts is provided via the String
action.
The arguments to String are one or more double-quoted strings which are
inserted directly as if typed.
The C backslash conventions are honored as follows.
(Entries marked * mean that after sending the AID code to the host,
s3270 will wait for the host to unlock the keyboard before further
processing the string.)
\b Left \exxxx EBCDIC character in hex \f Clear* \n Enter* \pan PA(n)* \pfnn PF(nn)* \r Newline \t Tab \T BackTab \uxxxx Unicode character in hex \xxxxx Unicode character in hex - Note that the numeric values for the \e, \u and \x sequences can be abbreviated to 2 digits. Note also that EBCDIC codes greater than 255 and some Unicode character codes represent DBCS characters, which will work only if s3270 is built with DBCS support and the host allows DBCS input in the current field.
- Note: The strings are in ASCII and converted to EBCDIC, so beware of inserting control codes.
- There is also an alternate form of the String action, HexString, which is used to enter non-printing data. The argument to HexString is a string of hexadecimal digits, two per character. A leading 0x or 0X is optional. In 3270 mode, the hexadecimal data represent EBCDIC characters, which are entered into the current field. In NVT mode, the hexadecimal data represent ASCII characters, which are sent directly to the host.
- The Script Action
-
This action causes s3270 to start a child process which can
execute s3270 actions.
Standard input and output from the child process are piped back to
s3270.
The Script action is fully documented in
x3270-script(1).
PASSTHRU
s3270 supports the Sun telnet-passthru service provided by the in.telnet-gw server. This allows outbound telnet connections through a firewall machine. When a p: is prepended to a hostname, s3270 acts much like the itelnet(1) command. It contacts the machine named internet-gateway at the port defined in /etc/services as telnet-passthru (which defaults to 3514). It then passes the requested hostname and port to the in.telnet-gw server.PROXY
The -proxy option or the s3270.proxy resource causes s3270 to use a proxy server to connect to the host. The syntax of the option or resource is:-
type:host[:port]
| Proxy Type | Protocol |
Default Port
|
| http | RFC 2817 HTTP tunnel (squid) |
3128
|
| passthru | Sun in.telnet-gw |
none
|
| socks4 | SOCKS version 4 |
1080
|
| socks5 | SOCKS version 5 (RFC 1928) |
1080
|
| telnet | No protocol (just send connect host port) |
none
|
The special types socks4a and socks5d can also be used to force the proxy server to do the hostname resolution for the SOCKS protocol.
RESOURCES
Certain s3270 options can be configured via resources. Resources are defined by -xrm options. The definitions are similar to X11 resources, and use a similar syntax. The resources available in s3270 are:
| Resource | Default | Option |
Purpose
|
| blankFill | False | -set blankFill |
Blank Fill mode
|
| charset | bracket | -charset |
EBCDIC character set
|
| dbcsCgcsgid |
Override DBCS CGCSGID
| ||
| dsTrace | False | -trace |
Data stream tracing
|
| eof | ^D |
NVT-mode EOF character
| |
| erase | ^H |
NVT-mode erase character
| |
| extended | True |
Use 3270 extended data stream
| |
| eventTrace | False | -trace |
Event tracing
|
| icrnl | False |
Map CR to NL on NVT-mode input
| |
| inlcr | False |
Map NL to CR in NVT-mode input
| |
| intr | ^C |
NVT-mode interrupt character
| |
| kill | ^U |
NVT-mode kill character
| |
| lineWrap | False | -set lineWrap |
NVT line wrap mode
|
| lnext | ^V |
NVT-mode lnext character
| |
| m3279 | (note 1) | -model |
3279 (color) emulation
|
| monoCase | False | -set monoCase |
Mono-case mode
|
| numericLock | False |
Lock keyboard for numeric field error
| |
| oerrLock | False |
Lock keyboard for input error
| |
| oversize | -oversize |
Oversize screen dimensions
| |
| port | telnet | -port |
Non-default TCP port
|
| quit | ^\ |
NVT-mode quit character
| |
| rprnt | ^R |
NVT-mode reprint character
| |
| sbcsCgcsgid |
Override SBCS CGCSGID
| ||
| secure | False |
Disable "dangerous" options
| |
| termName | (note 2) | -tn |
TELNET terminal type string
|
| traceDir | /tmp |
Directory for trace files
| |
| traceFile | (note 3) | -tracefile |
File for trace output
|
| werase | ^W |
NVT-mode word-erase character
| |
-
Note 1: m3279 defaults to
False.
It can be forced to True with the proper -model
option.
Note 2: The default terminal type string is constructed from the model number, color emulation, and extended data stream modes. E.g., a model 2 with color emulation and the extended data stream option would be sent as IBM-3279-2-E. Note also that when TN3270E mode is used, the terminal type is always sent as 3278, but this does not affect color capabilities.
Note 3: The default trace file is x3trc.pid in the directory specified by the traceDir resource.
If more than one -xrm option is given for the same resource, the last one on the command line is used.
FILES
/usr/local/lib/x3270/ibm_hosts
COPYRIGHTS
Copyright 1993-2014, Paul Mattes.Copyright 2004-2005, Don Russell.
Copyright 2004, Dick Altenbern.
Copyright 1990, Jeff Sparkes.
Copyright 1989, Georgia Tech Research Corporation (GTRC), Atlanta, GA
30332.
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- *
- Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *
- Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *
-
Neither the names of Paul Mattes, Don Russell, Dick Altenbern, Jeff Sparkes,
GTRC nor
the names of their contributors may be used to endorse or promote
products derived from this software without specific prior written
permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY PAUL MATTES, DON RUSSELL, DICK ALTENBERN, JEFF SPARKES AND GTRC "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL PAUL MATTES, DON RUSSELL, DICK ALTENBERN, JEFF SPARKES OR GTRC BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
VERSION
s3270 3.3.14ga11