man DBIx::RunSQL (3): run SQL from a file

SYNOPSIS

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
use lib 'lib';
use DBIx::RunSQL;
my $test_dbh = DBIx::RunSQL->create(
dsn => 'dbi:SQLite:dbname=:memory:',
sql => 'sql/create.sql',
force => 1,
verbose => 1,
);
... # run your tests with a DB setup fresh from setup.sql

METHODS

DBIx::RunSQL->create ARGS

DBIx::RunSQL->run ARGS

Runs the SQL commands and returns the database handle. In list context, it returns the database handle and the suggested exit code.

"sql" - name of the file containing the SQL statements
The default is "sql/create.sql"
If "sql" is a reference to a glob or a filehandle, the SQL will be read from that. not implemented
If "sql" is undefined, the $::DATA or the 0 filehandle will be read until exhaustion. not implemented
This allows one to create SQL-as-programs as follows:
```
  #!/usr/bin/perl -w -MDBIx::RunSQL -e 'create()'
  create table ...
```
If you want to run SQL statements from a scalar, you can simply pass in a reference to a scalar containing the SQL:
```
    sql => \"update mytable set foo='bar';",
```
"dsn", "user", "password" - DBI parameters for connecting to the DB
"dbh" - a premade database handle to be used instead of "dsn"
"force" - continue even if errors are encountered
"verbose" - print each SQL statement as it is run
"verbose_handler" - callback to call with each SQL statement instead of "print"
"verbose_fh" - filehandle to write to instead of "STDOUT"

DBIx::RunSQL->run_sql_file ARGS

    my $dbh = DBI->connect(...)
    for my $file (sort glob '*.sql') {
        DBIx::RunSQL->run_sql_file(
            verbose => 1,
            dbh     => $dbh,
            sql     => $file,
        );
    };

Runs an SQL file on a prepared database handle. Returns the number of errors encountered.

If the statement returns rows, these are printed separated with tabs.

"dbh" - a premade database handle
"sql" - name of the file containing the SQL statements
"force" - continue even if errors are encountered
"verbose" - print each SQL statement as it is run
"verbose_handler" - callback to call with each SQL statement instead of "print"
"verbose_fh" - filehandle to write to instead of "STDOUT"
"output_bool" - whether to exit with a nonzero exit code if any row is found
This makes the function return a nonzero value even if there is no error but a row was found.
"output_string" - whether to output the (one) row and column, without any headers

DBIx::RunSQL->run_sql ARGS

    my $dbh = DBI->connect(...)
    for my $file (sort glob '*.sql') {
        DBIx::RunSQL->run_sql_file(
            verbose => 1,
            dbh     => $dbh,
            sql     => 'create table foo',
        );
    };

Runs an SQL string on a prepared database handle. Returns the number of errors encountered.

If the statement returns rows, these are printed separated with tabs, but see the "output_bool" and "output_string" options.

"dbh" - a premade database handle
"sql" - string or array reference containing the SQL statements
"force" - continue even if errors are encountered
"verbose" - print each SQL statement as it is run
"verbose_handler" - callback to call with each SQL statement instead of "print"
"verbose_fh" - filehandle to write to instead of "STDOUT"
"output_bool" - whether to exit with a nonzero exit code if any row is found
This makes the function return a nonzero value even if there is no error but a row was found.
"output_string" - whether to output the (one) row and column, without any headers

DBIx::RunSQL->format_results %options

  my $sth= $dbh->prepare( 'select * from foo' );
  $sth->execute();
  print DBIx::RunSQL->format_results( sth => $sth );

Executes "$sth->fetchall_arrayref" and returns the results either as tab separated string or formatted using Text::Table if the module is available.

If you find yourself using this often to create reports, you may really want to look at Querylet instead.

"sth" - the executed statement handle
"formatter" - if you want to force "tab" or "Text::Table" usage, you can do it through that parameter. In fact, the module will use anything other than "tab" as the class name and assume that the interface is compatible to "Text::Table".

Note that the query results are returned as one large string, so you really do not want to run this for large(r) result sets.

DBIx::RunSQL->split_sql ARGS

  my @statements= DBIx::RunSQL->split_sql( <<'SQL');
      create table foo (name varchar(64));
      create trigger foo_insert on foo before insert;
          new.name= 'foo-'||old.name;
      end;
      insert into foo name values ('bar');
  SQL
  # Returns three elements

This is a helper subroutine to split a sequence of (semicolon-newline-delimited) SQL statements into separate statements. It is documented because it is not a very smart subroutine and you might want to override or replace it. It might also be useful outside the context of DBIx::RunSQL if you need to split up a large blob of SQL statements into smaller pieces.

The subroutine needs the whole sequence of SQL statements in memory. If you are attempting to restore a large SQL dump backup into your database, this approach might not be suitable.

PROGRAMMER USAGE

This module abstracts away the ``run these SQL statements to set up your database'' into a module. In some situations you want to give the setup SQL to a database admin, but in other situations, for example testing, you want to run the SQL statements against an in-memory database. This module abstracts away the reading of SQL from a file and allows for various command line parameters to be passed in. A skeleton "create-db.sql" looks like this:

    #!/usr/bin/perl -w
    use strict;
    use lib 'lib';
    use DBIx::RunSQL;
    my $exitcode = DBIx::RunSQL->handle_command_line('myapp');
    exit $exitcode;
    =head1 NAME
    create-db.pl - Create the database
    =head1 ABSTRACT
    This sets up the database. The following
    options are recognized:
    =over 4
    =item C<--user> USERNAME
    =item C<--password> PASSWORD
    =item C<--dsn> DSN
    The DBI DSN to use for connecting to
    the database
    =item C<--sql> SQLFILE
    The alternative SQL file to use
    instead of C<sql/create.sql>.
    =item C<--force>
    Don't stop on errors
    =item C<--help>
    Show this message.
    =cut

DBIx::RunSQL->handle_command_line

Parses the command line. This is a convenience method, which passes the following command line arguments to "->create":

  --user
  --password
  --dsn
  --sql
  --force
  --verbose

In addition, it handles the following switches through Pod::Usage:

  --help
  --man

See also the section PROGRAMMER USAGE for a sample program to set up a database from an SQL file.

NOTES

COMMENT FILTERING

The module tries to keep the SQL as much verbatim as possible. It filters all lines that end in semicolons but contain only SQL comments. All other comments are passed through to the database with the next statement.

TRIGGER HANDLING

This module uses a very simplicistic approach to recognize triggers. Triggers are problematic because they consist of multiple SQL statements and this module does not implement a full SQL parser. An trigger is recognized by the following sequence of lines

    CREATE TRIGGER
        ...
    END;

If your SQL dialect uses a different syntax, it might still work to put the whole trigger on a single line in the input file.

OTHER APPROACHES

If you find yourself wanting to write SELECT statements, consider looking at Querylet instead, which is geared towards that and even has an interface for Excel or HTML output.

If you find yourself wanting to write parametrized queries as ".sql" files, consider looking at Data::Phrasebook::SQL or potentially DBIx::SQLHandler.

REPOSITORY

The public repository of this module is <http://github.com/Corion/DBIx---RunSQL>.

SUPPORT

The public support forum of this module is <http://perlmonks.org/>.

BUG TRACKER

Please report bugs in this module via the RT CPAN bug queue at <https://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=DBIx-RunSQL> or via mail to [email protected].

AUTHOR

Max Maischein "[email protected]"

COPYRIGHT (c)

LICENSE

This module is released under the same terms as Perl itself.