SYNOPSIS
use File::Grep qw( fgrep fmap fdo );
# Void context
if ( fgrep { /$user/ } "/etc/passwd" ) { do_something(); }
# Scalar context
print "The index page was hit ",
( fgrep { /index\.html/ } glob "/var/log/httpd/access.log.*"),
" times\n";
# Array context
my @matches = fgrep { /index\.html } glob "/var/log/httpd/access.log.*";
print SUMMARY $_ foreach @matches;
# Mapping
my @lower = fmap { chomp; lc; } glob "/var/log/httpd/access.log.*";
# Foreach style..
my $count;
fdo { $count++ } @filelist;
print "Total lines: $count\n";
# More complex handling
my @matchcount;
fdo { my ( $file, $pos, $line ) = @_;
$matchcount[$file]++ if ( $line =~ /keyword/ );
} @filelist;
DESCRIPTION
File::Grep mimics the functionality of the grep function in perl, but applying it to files instead of a list. This is similar in nature to the UNIX grep command, but more powerful as the pattern can be any legal perl function.The main functions provided by this module are:
- fgrep BLOCK LIST
-
Performs a grep operation on the files in LIST, using BLOCK as the
critiria for accepting a line or not. Any lines that match will be
added to an array that will be returned to the caller. Note that
in void context, this function will immediate return true on the first
match, false otherwise, and in scalar context, it will only return
the number of matches.
When entering BLOCK, the $_ variable will be localized to the current line. In addition, you will be given the position in LIST of the current file, the line number in that file, and the line itself as arguments to this function. While you can change $_ if necessary, only the original value of the line will be added to the returned list. If you need to get the modified value, use fmap (described below).
The LIST can contain either scalars or filehandle (or filehandle-like objects). If the item is a scalar, it will be attempted to be opened and read in as normal. Otherwise it will be treated as a filehandle. Any errors resulting from IO may be reported to STDERR by setting the class variable, $File::Grep::SILENT to false; otherwise, no error indication is given.
- fmap BLOCK LIST
- Performs a map operation on the files in LIST, using BLOCK as the mapping function. The results from BLOCK will be appended to the list that is returned at the end of the call.
- fdo BLOCK LIST
- Performs the equivalent of a foreach operation on the files in LIST, performing BLOCK for each line in each file. This function has no return value. If you need to specialize more than what fgrep or fmap offer, you can use this function.
In addition, if you need additional fine control, you can use the internal function _fgrep_process. This is called just like fgrep/fmap/fdo, as in ``_fgrep_process BLOCK LIST'' except that you can control when the fucntion 'short circuits' by the return value from BLOCK. If, after processing a line, the BLOCK returns a negative number, the entire process is aborted, closing any open filehandles that were opened by the function. If the return value is 0, the current file is aborted, closed if opened by the function and the next file is then searched. A positive return value will simply go on to the next line as appropriate.