man SDLx::Sprite (3): interact with images quick and easily in SDL

SYNOPSIS

use SDLx::Sprite;
my $sprite = SDLx::Sprite->new;
# loads image file into a SDL::Surface and
# automatically sets a SDL::Rect inside with
# that image's dimensions.
$sprite->load('hero.png');
# set sprite image transparency
$sprite->alpha_key( $color );
$sprite->alpha(0.5);
# you can set and check the sprite position anytime
say $sprite->x; # rect->x shortcut accessor
$sprite->y(30); # rect->y shortcut accessor
# read-only surface dimensions
$sprite->w; # width
$sprite->h; # height
# you can also fetch the full rect
# (think destination coordinates for ->draw)
my $rect = $sprite->rect;
# you can get the surface object too if you need it
my $surface = $sprite->surface;
# rotation()
# if your SDL has gfx, rotation is also straightforward:
$sprite->rotation( $degrees );
$sprite->rotation( $degrees, $smooth );
# add() / remove() NOT YET IMPLEMENTED
# you can also attach other sprites to it
$sprite->add( armor => $other_sprite );
$sprite->remove('armor');
# blits $sprite (and attached sprites) into $screen,
# in the (x,y) coordinates of the sprite
$sprite->draw($screen);
# if you need to clip the original image/surface
# before drawing it
$sprite->clip->x(10);
$sprite->clip->y(3);
$sprite->clip->w(5);
$sprite->clip->h(5);
# ...or all at once:
$sprite->clip($x,$y,$w,$h);
# spawning can include almost all of the above:
my $sprite = SDLx::Sprite->new(
image => 'hero.png', # or surface => SDL::Surface
rect => SDL::Rect, # or x => $x, y => $y
clip => SDL::Rect,
alpha_key => SDL::Color, # or [$r, $g, $b]
alpha => 1,
rotation => 45, # degrees
);

DESCRIPTION

SDLx::Sprite is a SDL::Surface on steroids! It let's you quickly load, setup and interact with images in your SDL application, abstracting all the drudge code and letting you concentrate on your app's logic instead.

This module automatically creates and holds SDL::Rect objects for the source and destination surfaces, and provides several surface manipulation options like alpha blending and rotation.

WARNING! VOLATILE CODE AHEAD

This is a new module and the API is subject to change without notice. If you care, please join the discussion on the #sdl IRC channel in irc.perl.org. All thoughts on further improving the API are welcome.

You have been warned :)

METHODS

new

new( %options )

Creates a new SDLx::Sprite object. No option is mandatory. Available options are:

image => $filename
Uses $filename as source image for the Sprite's surface. See supported formats in SDL::Image. This option cannot be used together with the 'surface' option (see below).
surface => SDL::Surface
Uses the provided SDL::Surface object as source surface for this sprite, instead of creating one automatically. This option cannot be used together with the 'image' option (see above).
clip => SDL::Rect
Uses the provided SDL::Rect object as clipping rect for the source surface. This means the object will only blit that particular area from the surface.
rect => SDL::Rect
Uses the provided SDL::Rect object as destination coordinates to whatever surface you call draw() on. You cannot use this option together with 'x' and 'y' (see below)
x => $x
Uses $x as the x-axis (left-to-right, 0 being leftmost) positioning of the Sprite into the destination you call draw() upon. This option cannot be used together with 'rect' (see above).
y => $y
Uses $y as the y-axis (top-to-bottom, 0 being topmost) positioning of the Sprite into the destination you call draw() upon. This option cannot be used together with 'rect' (see above).
draw_xy => $surface, $x, $y
A shortcut to draw at coordinates quickly. Calls x() , y() and draw()
rotation => $degrees, [$smooth]
Uses $degrees as the angle to rotate the surface to, in degrees (0..360, remember? :). This option is only available if your compiled SDL library has support for GFX (see Alien::SDL for details).
if $smooth is set the sprite is antialiased. This may mess with your alpha_key.
alpha_key => SDL::Color
MUST CALL SDL::Video::get_video_mode prior to this.
Uses the provided SDL::Color object (or an array reference with red, green and blue values) as the color to be turned into transparent (see 'alpha' below).
alpha => $percentage or $integer
Uses $percentage (0 <-> 1 ) or $integer ( 0x01 - 0xff) as how much transparency to add to the surface. If you use this, it is mandatory that you also provide the alpha_key (see above).

load( $filename )

Loads the given image file into the object's internal surface. A new surface is always created, so whatever you had on the previous surface will be lost. Croaks on errors such as no support built for the image or a file reading error (the error message is SDL::get_error and should give more details).

Returns the own Sprite object, to allow method chaining.

surface()

surface( SDL::Surface )

Returns the object's internal surface, or undef if there is none.

If you pass a SDL::Surface to it, it will overwrite the original surface with it, while returning the old (previous) surface. Note that, as such, it will return "undef" if you use it without having previously loaded either an image or a previous surface. It will Carp::confess if you pass anything that's not an SDL::Surface object (or SDL::Surface subclassed objects).

rect()

rect( SDL::Rect )

Returns the destination SDL::Rect object used when you call draw().

If you haven't explicitly set it, it will be a SDL::Rect with the same dimensions as the object's internal surface. If no surface was set yet, it will be an empty SDL::Rect (dimensions 0,0,0,0).

If you pass it a SDL::Rect object, it will set rect() to that object before returning, but it will overwrite any width and height values, as those are read only and set to the size of the underlying surface.

If you want to clip the source surface, set clip() instead.

clip()

clip( SDL::Rect )

Returns the source SDL::Rect object used when you call draw().

You can use this method to choose only a small subset of the object's internal surface to be used on calls to draw().

If you haven't explicitly set it, it will be a SDL::Rect with the same dimensions as the object's internal surface. If no surface was set yet, it will be an empty SDL::Rect (dimensions 0,0,0,0).

If you pass it a SDL::Rect object, it will set clip() to that object before returning.

x()

x( $int )

Gets/sets the x-axis (left-to-right, 0 being leftmost) positioning of the Sprite into the destination you call draw() upon.

It is a shortcut to "$sprite->rect->x".

y()

y( $int )

Gets/sets the y-axis (top-to-bottom, 0 being topmost) positioning of the Sprite into the destination you call draw() upon.

It is a shortcut to "$sprite->rect->y".

w()

Returns the Sprite surface's width. This method is read-only.

It is a shortcut to "$sprite->surface->w".

h()

Returns the Sprite surface's height. This method is read-only.

It is a shortcut to "$sprite->surface->h".

draw( SDL::Surface )

Draws the Sprite on the provided SDL::Surface object - usually the screen - using the blit_surface SDL function, using the source rect from clip() and the destination rect (position) from rect().