man SNMP::Info (3): OO Interface to Network devices and MIBs through SNMP

VERSION

SNMP::Info - Version 3.33

AUTHOR

SNMP::Info is maintained by team of Open Source authors headed by Eric Miller, Bill Fenner, Max Baker, Jeroen van Ingen and Oliver Gorwits.

Please visit <http://sourceforge.net/projects/snmp-info/> for most up-to-date list of developers.

SNMP::Info was originally created at UCSC for the Netdisco project <http://netdisco.org> by Max Baker.

DEVICES SUPPORTED

There are now generic classes for most types of device and so the authors recommend loading SNMP::Info with AutoSpecify, and then reporting to the mail list any missing functionality (such as neighbor discovery tables).

SYNOPSIS

use SNMP::Info;
my $info = new SNMP::Info(
# Auto Discover more specific Device Class
AutoSpecify => 1,
Debug => 1,
# The rest is passed to SNMP::Session
DestHost => 'router',
Community => 'public',
Version => 2
) or die "Can't connect to device.\n";
my $err = $info->error();
die "SNMP Community or Version probably wrong connecting to device. $err\n" if defined $err;
$name = $info->name();
$class = $info->class();
print "SNMP::Info is using this device class : $class\n";
# Find out the Duplex status for the ports
my $interfaces = $info->interfaces();
my $i_duplex = $info->i_duplex();
# Get CDP Neighbor info
my $c_if = $info->c_if();
my $c_ip = $info->c_ip();
my $c_port = $info->c_port();
# Print out data per port
foreach my $iid (keys %$interfaces){
my $duplex = $i_duplex->{$iid};
# Print out physical port name, not snmp iid
my $port = $interfaces->{$iid};
print "$port: ";
print "$duplex duplex" if defined $duplex;
# The CDP Table has table entries different than the interface tables.
# So we use c_if to get the map from cdp table to interface table.
my %c_map = reverse %$c_if;
my $c_key = $c_map{$iid};
unless (defined $c_key) {
print "\n\n";
next;
}
my $neighbor_ip = $c_ip->{$c_key};
my $neighbor_port = $c_port->{$c_key};
print " connected to $neighbor_ip / $neighbor_port\n" if defined $neighbor_ip;
print "\n";
}

SUPPORT

Please direct all support, help, and bug requests to the snmp-info-users Mailing List at <http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/snmp-info-users>.

DESCRIPTION

SNMP::Info gives an object oriented interface to information obtained through SNMP.

This module is geared towards network devices. Subclasses exist for a number of network devices and common MIBs.

The idea behind this module is to give a common interface to data from network devices, leaving the device-specific hacks behind the scenes in subclasses.

In the SYNOPSIS example we fetch the name of all the ports on the device and the duplex setting for that port with two methods --- interfaces() and i_duplex().

The information may be coming from any number of MIB files and is very vendor specific. SNMP::Info provides you a common method for all supported devices.

Adding support for your own device is easy, and takes little SNMP knowledge.

The module is not limited to network devices. Any MIB or device can be given an objected oriented front-end by making a module that consists of a couple hashes. See EXTENDING SNMP::INFO.

REQUIREMENTS

1. Net-SNMP

To use this module, you must have Net-SNMP installed on your system. More specifically you need the Perl modules that come with it.

DO NOT INSTALL SNMP:: or Net::SNMP from CPAN!

The SNMP module is matched to an install of net-snmp, and must be installed from the net-snmp source tree.

The Perl module "SNMP" is found inside the net-snmp distribution. Go to the perl/ directory of the distribution to install it, or run "./configure --with-perl-modules" from the top directory of the net-snmp distribution.

Net-SNMP can be found at http://net-snmp.sourceforge.net

Version 5.3.2 or greater is recommended.

Versions 5.0.1, 5.0301 and 5.0203 have issues with bulkwalk and are not supported.

Redhat Users: Some versions that come with certain versions of Redhat/Fedora don't have the Perl library installed. Uninstall the RPM and install by hand.

2. MIBS

SNMP::Info operates on textual descriptors found in MIBs.

If you are using SNMP::Info separate from Netdisco, download the Netdisco MIB package at <http://sourceforge.net/projects/netdisco/files/netdisco-mibs/latest-snapshot/>

Make sure that your snmp.conf is updated to point to your MIB directory and that the MIBs are world-readable.

DESIGN GOALS

1. Use of textual MIB leaf identifier and enumerated values

All values are retrieved via MIB Leaf node names
For example SNMP::Info has an entry in its %GLOBALS hash for ``sysName'' instead of 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.
Data returned is in the enumerated value form.
For Example instead of looking up 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.3 and getting back 23
SNMP::Info will ask for "RFC1213-MIB::ifType" and will get back "ppp".

2. SNMP::Info is easily extended to new devices

You can create a new subclass for a device by providing four hashes : %GLOBALS, %MIBS, %FUNCS, and %MUNGE.

Or you can override any existing methods from a parent class by making a short subroutine.

See the section EXTENDING SNMP::INFO for more details.

When you make a new subclass for a device, please be sure to send it back to the developers (via Source Forge or the mailing list) for inclusion in the next version.

SUBCLASSES

These are the subclasses that implement MIBs and support devices:

Required MIBs not included in the install instructions above are noted here.

MIB Subclasses

These subclasses implement method to access one or more MIBs. These are not used directly, but rather inherited from device subclasses.

For more info run "perldoc" on any of the following module names.

SNMP::Info::AdslLine

SNMP Interface to the ADSL-LINE-MIB for ADSL interfaces.

Requires the ADSL-LINE-MIB, down loadable from Cisco.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::AdslLine for details.

SNMP::Info::Aggregate

SNMP Interface to IF-MIB "ifStackTable" Aggregated Links

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Aggregate for details.

SNMP::Info::Airespace

AIRESPACE-WIRELESS-MIB and AIRESPACE-SWITCHING-MIB. Inherited by devices based on the Airespace wireless platform.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Airespace for details.

SNMP::Info::AMAP

ALCATEL-IND1-INTERSWITCH-PROTOCOL-MIB. Alcatel Mapping Adjacency Protocol (AMAP) Support.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::AMAP for details.

SNMP::Info::Bridge

BRIDGE-MIB (RFC1286). QBRIDGE-MIB. Inherited by devices with Layer2 support.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Bridge for details.

SNMP::Info::CiscoAgg

SNMP Interface to Cisco Aggregated Links

See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoAgg for details.

SNMP::Info::CDP

CISCO-CDP-MIB. Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) Support. Inherited by Cisco, Enterasys, and HP devices.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::CDP for details.

SNMP::Info::CiscoConfig

CISCO-CONFIG-COPY-MIB, CISCO-FLASH-MIB, and OLD-CISCO-SYS-MIB. These OIDs facilitate the writing of configuration files.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoConfig for details.

SNMP::Info::CiscoPortSecurity

CISCO-PORT-SECURITY-MIB and CISCO-PAE-MIB.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoPortSecurity for details.

SNMP::Info::CiscoPower

CISCO-POWER-ETHERNET-EXT-MIB.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoPower for details.

SNMP::Info::CiscoQOS

CISCO-CLASS-BASED-QOS-MIB. A collection of OIDs providing information about a Cisco device's QOS config.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoQOS for details.

SNMP::Info::CiscoRTT

CISCO-RTTMON-MIB. A collection of OIDs providing information about a Cisco device's RTT values.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoRTT for details.

SNMP::Info::CiscoStack

CISCO-STACK-MIB.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoStack for details.

SNMP::Info::CiscoStpExtensions

CISCO-STP-EXTENSIONS-MIB

See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoStpExtensions for details.

SNMP::Info::CiscoStats

OLD-CISCO-CPU-MIB, CISCO-PROCESS-MIB, and CISCO-MEMORY-POOL-MIB. Provides common interfaces for memory, cpu, and os statistics for Cisco devices.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoStats for details.

SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP

CISCO-VTP-MIB, CISCO-VLAN-MEMBERSHIP-MIB, CISCO-VLAN-IFTABLE-RELATIONSHIP-MIB

See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP for details.

SNMP::Info::EDP

Extreme Discovery Protocol. EXTREME-EDP-MIB

See documentation in SNMP::Info::EDP for details.

SNMP::Info::Entity

ENTITY-MIB. Used for device info in Cisco and other vendors.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Entity for details.

SNMP::Info::EtherLike

EtherLike-MIB (RFC1398) - Some Layer3 devices implement this MIB, as well as some Aironet Layer 2 devices (non Cisco).

See documentation in SNMP::Info::EtherLike for details.

SNMP::Info::FDP

Foundry (Brocade) Discovery Protocol. FOUNDRY-SN-SWITCH-GROUP-MIB

See documentation in SNMP::Info::FDP for details.

SNMP::Info::IPv6

SNMP Interface for obtaining configured IPv6 addresses and mapping IPv6 addresses to MAC addresses and interfaces, using information from IP-MIB, IPV6-MIB and/or CISCO-IETF-IP-MIB.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::IPv6 for details.

SNMP::Info::IEEE802dot11

IEEE802dot11-MIB. A collection of OIDs providing information about standards based 802.11 wireless devices.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::IEEE802dot11 for details.

SNMP::Info::IEEE802dot3ad

SNMP Interface to IEEE Aggregated Links. IEEE8023-LAG-MIB

See documentation in SNMP::Info::IEEE802dot3ad for details.

SNMP::Info::LLDP

LLDP-MIB, LLDP-EXT-DOT1-MIB, and LLDP-EXT-DOT3-MIB. Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) Support.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::LLDP for details.

SNMP::Info::MAU

MAU-MIB (RFC2668). Some Layer2 devices use this for extended Ethernet (Media Access Unit) interface information.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::MAU for details.

SNMP::Info::MRO

Method resolution introspection for SNMP::Info

See documentation in SNMP::Info::MRO for details.

SNMP::Info::NortelStack

S5-AGENT-MIB, S5-CHASSIS-MIB.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::NortelStack for details.

SNMP::Info::PowerEthernet

POWER-ETHERNET-MIB

See documentation in SNMP::Info::PowerEthernet for details.

SNMP::Info::RapidCity

RAPID-CITY. Inherited by Avaya switches for duplex and VLAN information.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::RapidCity for details.

SNMP::Info::SONMP

SynOptics Network Management Protocol (SONMP) SYNOPTICS-ROOT-MIB, S5-ETH-MULTISEG-TOPOLOGY-MIB. Inherited by Avaya/Nortel/Bay/Synoptics switches and hubs.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::SONMP for details.

Device Subclasses

These subclasses inherit from one or more classes to provide a common interface to data obtainable from network devices.

All the required MIB files are included in the netdisco-mib package. (See Above).

SNMP::Info::Layer1

Generic Layer1 Device subclass.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer1 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer1::Allied

Subclass for Allied Telesis Repeaters / Hubs.

Requires ATI-MIB

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer1::Allied for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer1::Asante

Subclass for Asante 1012 Hubs.

Requires ASANTE-HUB1012-MIB

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer1::Asante for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer1::Bayhub

Subclass for Nortel/Bay hubs. This includes System 5000, 100 series, 200 series, and probably more.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer1::Bayhub for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer1::Cyclades

Subclass for Cyclades terminal servers.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer1::Cyclades for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer1::S3000

Subclass for Bay/Synoptics hubs. This includes System 3000, 281X, and probably more.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer1::S3000 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2

Generic Layer2 Device subclass.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::3Com

SNMP::Info::Layer2::3Com - SNMP Interface to L2 3Com Switches

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::3Com for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::Airespace

Subclass for Cisco (Airespace) wireless controllers.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Airespace for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::Aironet

Class for Cisco Aironet wireless devices that run IOS. See also Layer3::Aironet for Aironet devices that don't run IOS.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Aironet for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::Allied

Allied Telesis switches.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Allied for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::Baystack

Subclass for Avaya/Nortel/Bay Ethernet Switch/Baystack switches. This includes 303, 304, 350, 380, 410, 420, 425, 450, 460, 470 series, 2500 series, 4000 series, 5000 series, Business Ethernet Switch (BES), Business Policy Switch (BPS), VSP 7000 series, and probably others.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Baystack for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::Kentrox

Class for Kentrox DataSMART DSU/CSU. See SNMP::Info::Layer2::Kentrox for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::C1900

Subclass for Cisco Catalyst 1900 and 1900c Devices running CatOS.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::C1900 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::C2900

Subclass for Cisco Catalyst 2900, 2950, 3500XL, and 3548 devices running IOS.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::C2900 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::Catalyst

Subclass for Cisco Catalyst switches running CatOS. These switches usually report a model number that starts with "wsc". Note that this class does not support everything that has the name Catalyst.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Catalyst for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::Centillion

Subclass for Nortel/Bay Centillion and 5000BH ATM switches.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Centillion for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::Cisco

Generic Cisco subclass for layer 2 devices that are not yet supported in more specific subclassesand the base layer 2 Cisco class for other device specific layer 2 Cisco classes.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Cisco for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::CiscoSB

Subclass for Cisco's ``Small Business'' product line, acquired from Linksys. This currently comprises the Sx300/500 line of switches.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::CiscoSB for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::HP

Subclass for more recent HP Procurve Switches

Requires HP-ICF-OID and ENTITY-MIB downloaded from HP.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::HP for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::HP4000

Subclass for older HP Procurve Switches

Requires HP-ICF-OID and ENTITY-MIB downloaded from HP.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::HP4000 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::HPVC

Subclass for HP Virtual Connect Switches

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::HPVC for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::N2270

Subclass for Nortel 2270 wireless switches.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::N2270 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::NAP222x

Subclass for Nortel 222x series wireless access points.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::NAP222x for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::Netgear

Subclass for Netgear switches

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Netgear for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::NWSS2300

SNMP Interface to Avaya (Trapeze) Wireless Controllers

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::NWSS2300 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::Orinoco

Subclass for Orinoco/Proxim wireless access points.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Orinoco for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::Trapeze

SNMP Interface to Juniper (Trapeze) Wireless Controllers

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Trapeze for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::Ubiquiti

SNMP Interface to Ubiquiti Access Points

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Ubiquiti for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer2::ZyXEL_DSLAM

Zyxel DSLAMs. Need I say more?

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::ZyXEL_DSLAM for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3

Generic Layer3 and Layer2+3 Device subclass.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Aironet

Subclass for Cisco Aironet wireless access points (AP) not running IOS. These are usually older devices.

MIBs for these devices now included in v2.tar.gz available from ftp.cisco.com.

Note Layer2::Aironet

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Aironet for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::AlcatelLucent

Alcatel-Lucent OmniSwitch Class.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::AlcatelLucent for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::AlteonAD

Subclass for Radware Alteon Series ADC switches and Nortel BladeCenter Layer2-3 GbE Switch Modules.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::AlteonAD for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Altiga

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Altiga for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Arista

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Arista for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Aruba

Subclass for Aruba wireless switches.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Aruba for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::BayRS

Subclass for Avaya/Nortel/Bay Multiprotocol/BayRS routers. This includes BCN, BLN, ASN, ARN, AN, 2430, and 5430 routers.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::BayRS for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::BlueCoatSG

Subclass for Blue Coat SG series proxy devices.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::BlueCoatSG for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::C3550

Subclass for Cisco Catalyst 3550,3540,3560 2/3 switches running IOS.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::C3550 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::C4000

This class covers Catalyst 4000s and 4500s.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::C4000 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::C6500

This class covers Catalyst 6500s in native mode, hybrid mode. Catalyst 3750's, 2970's and probably others.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::C6500 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Cisco

This is a simple wrapper around layer 3 for IOS devices and the base layer 3 Cisco class for other device specific layer 3 Cisco classes.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Cisco for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::CiscoASA

Subclass for Cisco Adaptive Security Appliances.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::CiscoASA for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::CiscoFWSM

Subclass for Cisco Firewall Services Modules.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::CiscoFWSM for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::CiscoSwitch

Base class for L3 Cisco switches. See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::CiscoSwitch for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Contivity

Subclass for Avaya/Nortel Contivity/VPN Routers.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Contivity for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Dell

Subclass for Dell PowerConnect switches. D-Link, the IBM BladeCenter Gigabit Ethernet Switch Module and some Linksys switches also use this module based upon MIB support.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Dell for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Enterasys

Subclass for Enterasys devices.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Enterasys for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Extreme

Subclass for Extreme Networks switches.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Extreme for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::F5

Subclass for F5 devices.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::F5 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Force10

Subclass for Force10 devices.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Force10 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Fortinet

Subclass for Fortinet devices.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Fortinet for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Foundry

Subclass for Brocade (Foundry) Network devices.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Foundry for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::H3C

SNMP Interface to Layer 3 Devices, H3C & HP A-series.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::H3C for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::HP9300

Subclass for HP network devices which Foundry Networks was the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) such as the HP ProCurve 9300 and 6300 series.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::HP9300 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Huawei

SNMP Interface to Huawei Layer 3 switches and routers.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Huawei for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::IBMGbTor

SNMP Interface to IBM Rackswitch (formerly Blade Network Technologies) network devices.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::IBMGbTor for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Juniper

Subclass for Juniper devices

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Juniper for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Lantronix

Subclass for Lantronix devices

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Lantronix for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Microsoft

Subclass for Generic Microsoft Routers running Microsoft Windows OS.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Microsoft for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Mikrotik

Subclass for Mikrotik devices running RouterOS.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Mikrotik for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::N1600

Subclass for Avaya/Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 1600 series.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::N1600 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::NetSNMP

Subclass for host systems running Net-SNMP.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::NetSNMP for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Netscreen

Subclass for Juniper NetScreen.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Netscreen for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Nexus

Subclass for Cisco Nexus devices running NX-OS

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Nexus for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::PacketFront

Subclass for PacketFront DRG series CPE.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::PacketFront for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::PaloAlto

Subclass for Palo Alto firewalls.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::PaloAlto for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Passport

Subclass for Avaya/Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch/Passport 8000 series, Accelar, and VSP 9000 series switches.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Passport for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Pf

Subclass for FreeBSD-Based Firewalls using Pf /Pf Sense

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Pf for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Pica8

Subclass for Pica8 devices.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Pica8 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::SonicWALL

Subclass for generic SonicWALL devices. See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::SonicWALL for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Steelhead

Subclass for Riverbed Steelhead WAN optimization appliances. See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Steelhead for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Sun

Subclass for Generic Sun Routers running SunOS.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Sun for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Tasman

Subclass for Avaya Secure Routers.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Tasman for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::Timetra

Alcatel-Lucent SR Class.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Timetra for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer3::VMware

Subclass for VMware ESXi hosts.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::VMware for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer7

Generic Layer7 Devices.

See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer7 for details.

SNMP::Info::Layer7::APC: SNMP Interface to APC UPS devices
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer7::APC for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer7::Netscaler: SNMP Interface to Citrix Netscaler appliances
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer7::Netscaler for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer7::Neoteris: SNMP Interface to Juniper SSL VPN appliances
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer7::Neoteris for details.

Thanks

Thanks for testing and coding help (in no particular order) to : Alexander Barthel, Andy Ford, Alexander Hartmaier, Andrew Herrick, Alex Kramarov, Bernhard Augenstein, Bradley Baetz, Brian Chow, Brian Wilson, Carlos Vicente, Dana Watanabe, David Pinkoski, David Sieborger, Douglas McKeown, Greg King, Ivan Auger, Jean-Philippe Luiggi, Jeroen van Ingen, Justin Hunter, Kent Hamilton, Matthew Tuttle, Michael Robbert, Mike Hunter, Nicolai Petri, Ralf Gross, Robert Kerr and people listed on the Netdisco README!

USAGE

Constructor

new()

Creates a new object and connects via SNMP::Session.

 my $info = new SNMP::Info( 'Debug'             => 1,
                            'AutoSpecify'       => 1,
                            'BigInt'            => 1,
                            'BulkWalk'          => 1,
                            'BulkRepeaters'     => 20,
                            'IgnoreNetSNMPConf' => 1,
                            'LoopDetect'        => 1,
                            'DestHost'          => 'myrouter',
                            'Community'         => 'public',
                            'Version'           => 2,
                            'MibDirs'           => ['dir1','dir2','dir3'],
                          ) or die;

SNMP::Info Specific Arguments :

AutoSpecify

Returns an object of a more specific device class

(default 0, which means ``off'')

BigInt

Return Math::BigInt objects for 64 bit counters. Sets on a global scope, not object.

(default 0, which means ``off'')

BulkWalk

Set to 0 to turn off BULKWALK commands for SNMPv2 connections.

Note that BULKWALK is turned off for Net-SNMP versions 5.1.x because of a bug.

(default 1, which means ``on'')

BulkRepeaters

Set number of MaxRepeaters for BULKWALK operation. See "perldoc SNMP" -> bulkwalk() for more info.

(default 20)

LoopDetect

Detects looping during getnext table column walks by comparing IIDs for each instance. A loop is detected if the same IID is seen more than once and the walk is aborted. Note: This will not detect loops during a bulkwalk operation, Net-SNMP's internal bulkwalk function must detect the loop.

Set to 0 to turn off loop detection.

(default 1, which means ``on'')

IgnoreNetSNMPConf

Net-SNMP version 5.0 and higher read configuration files, snmp.conf or snmp.local.conf, from /etc/snmp, /usr/share/snmp, /usr/lib(64)/snmp, or $HOME/.snmp and uses those settings to automatically parse MIB files, etc.

Set to 1 ``on'' to ignore Net-SNMP configuration files by overriding the "SNMPCONFPATH" environmental variable during object initialization. Note: MibDirs must be defined or Net-SNMP will not be able to load MIBs and initialize the object.

(default 0, which means ``off'')

Debug

Prints Lots of debugging messages. Pass 2 to print even more debugging messages.

(default 0, which means ``off'')

DebugSNMP

Set $SNMP::debugging level for Net-SNMP.

See SNMP for more details.

MibDirs

Array ref to list of directories in which to look for MIBs. Note this will be in addition to the ones setup in snmp.conf at the system level.

(default use net-snmp settings only)

RetryNoSuch

When using SNMP Version 1, try reading values even if they come back as ``no such variable in this MIB''. Set to false if so desired. This feature lets you read SNMPv2 data from an SNMP version 1 connection, and should probably be left on.

(default 1, which means ``on'')

Session

SNMP::Session object to use instead of connecting on own.

(default creates session automatically)

Offline

Causes SNMP::Info to avoid network activity and return data only from its cache. If you ask for something not in the cache, an error is thrown. See also the "cache()" and "offline()" methods.

(default 0, which means ``online'')

Cache

Pass in a HashRef to prime the cache of retrieved data. Useful for creating an instance in "Offline" mode from a previously dumped cache. See also the "cache()" method to retrieve a cache after running actial queries.

OTHER

All other arguments are passed to SNMP::Session.

See SNMP::Session for a list of other possible arguments.

A Note about the wrong Community string or wrong SNMP Version:

If a connection is using the wrong community string or the wrong SNMP version, the creation of the object will not fail. The device still answers the call on the SNMP port, but will not return information. Check the error() method after you create the device object to see if there was a problem in connecting.

A note about SNMP Versions :

Some older devices don't support SNMP version 2, and will not return anything when a connection under Version 2 is attempted.

Some newer devices will support Version 1, but will not return all the data they might have if you had connected under Version 1

When trying to get info from a new device, you may have to try version 2 and then fallback to version 1.

update()

Replace the existing session with a new one with updated values, without re-identifying the device. The only supported changes are to Community or Context.

Clears the object cache.

This is useful, e.g., when a device supports multiple contexts (via changes to the Community string, or via the SNMPv3 Context parameter), but a context that you want to access does not support the objects (e.g., "sysObjectID", "sysDescr") that we use to identify the device.

Data is Cached

Methods and subroutines requesting data from a device will only load the data once, and then return cached versions of that data.

Run $info->load_METHOD() where method is something like 'i_name' to reload data from a method.

Run $info->clear_cache() to clear the cache to allow reload of both globals and table methods.

The cache can be retrieved or set using the $info->cache() method. This works together with the "Offline" option.

Object Scalar Methods

These are for package related data, not directly supplied from SNMP.

$info->clear_cache()

Clears the cached data. This includes GLOBALS data and TABLE METHOD data.

$info->debug(1)

Returns current debug status, and optionally toggles debugging info for this object.

$info->offline([1|0])

Returns if offline mode is currently turned on for this object.

Optionally sets the Offline parameter.

$info->cache([new_cache])

Returns a HashRef of all cached data in this object. There will be a "store" key for table data and then one key for each leaf.

Optionally sets the cache parameters if passed a HashRef.

$info->bulkwalk([1|0])

Returns if bulkwalk is currently turned on for this object.

Optionally sets the bulkwalk parameter.

$info->loopdetect([1|0])

Returns if loopdetect is currently turned on for this object.

Optionally sets the loopdetect parameter.

$info->device_type()

Returns the Subclass name for this device. "SNMP::Info" is returned if no more specific class is available.

First the device is checked for Layer 3 support and a specific subclass, then Layer 2 support and subclasses are checked.

This means that Layer 2 / 3 switches and routers will fall under the SNMP::Info::Layer3 subclasses.

If the device still can be connected to via SNMP::Info, then SNMP::Info is returned.

$info->error(no_clear)

Returns Error message if there is an error, or undef if there is not.

Reading the error will clear the error unless you set the no_clear flag.

$info->has_layer(3)

Returns non-zero if the device has the supplied layer in the OSI Model

Returns if the device doesn't support the layers() call.

$info->snmp_comm()

Returns SNMP Community string used in connection.

$info->snmp_ver()

Returns SNMP Version used for this connection

$info->specify()

Returns an object of a more-specific subclass.

 my $info = new SNMP::Info(...);
 # Returns more specific object type
 $info = $info->specific();

Usually this method is called internally from new(AutoSpecify => 1)

See device_type() entry for how a subclass is chosen.

$info->cisco_comm_indexing()

Returns 0. Is an overridable method used for vlan indexing for snmp calls on certain Cisco devices.

See <ftp://ftp.cisco.com/pub/mibs/supportlists/wsc5000/wsc5000-communityIndexing.html>

Globals (Scalar Methods)

These are methods to return scalar data from RFC1213.

Some subset of these is probably available for any network device that speaks SNMP.

$info->uptime()

Uptime in hundredths of seconds since device became available.

("sysUpTime")

$info->contact()

("sysContact")

$info->name()

("sysName")

$info->location()

("sysLocation")

$info->layers()

This returns a binary encoded string where each digit represents a layer of the OSI model served by the device.

    eg: 01000010  means layers 2 (physical) and 7 (Application) 
                  are served.

Note: This string is 8 digits long.

See $info->has_layer()

("sysServices")

$info->ports()

Number of interfaces available on this device.

Not too useful as the number of SNMP interfaces usually does not correspond with the number of physical ports

("ifNumber")

$info->ipforwarding()

The indication of whether the entity is acting as an IP gateway

Returns either forwarding or not-forwarding

("ipForwarding")

Table Methods

Each of these methods returns a hash_reference to a hash keyed on the interface index in SNMP.

Example : $info->interfaces() might return

    { '1.12' => 'FastEthernet/0',
      '2.15' => 'FastEthernet/1',
      '9.99' => 'FastEthernet/2'
    }

The key is what you would see if you were to do an snmpwalk, and in some cases changes between reboots of the network device.

Partial Table Fetches

If you want to get only a part of an SNMP table or a single instance from the table and you know the IID for the part of the table that you want, you can specify it in the call:

    $local_routes = $info->ipr_route('192.168.0');

This will only fetch entries in the table that start with 192.168.0, which in this case are routes on the local network.

Remember that you must supply the partial IID (a numeric OID).

Partial table results are not cached.

Interface Information

$info->interfaces(): This methods is overridden in each subclass to provide a mapping between the Interface Table Index (iid) and the physical port name.
$info->if_ignore(): Returns a reference to a hash where key values that exist are interfaces to ignore.
Ignored interfaces are ones that are usually not physical ports or Virtual Lans (VLANs) such as the Loopback interface, or the CPU interface.
$info->bulkwalk_no(): Returns 0. Is an overridable method used for turn off bulkwalk for the device class.
$info->i_index(): Default SNMP IID to Interface index.
("ifIndex")
$info->i_description(): Description of the interface. Usually a little longer single word name that is both human and machine friendly. Not always.
("ifDescr")
$info->i_type(): Interface type, such as Vlan, Ethernet, Serial
("ifType")
$info->i_mtu(): INTEGER. Interface MTU value.
("ifMtu")
$info->i_speed(): Speed of the link, human format. See munge_speed() later in document for details.
("ifSpeed", "ifHighSpeed" if necessary)
$info->i_speed_raw(): Speed of the link in bits per second without munging. If i_speed_high is available it will be used and multiplied by 1_000_000.
("ifSpeed", "ifHighSpeed" if necessary)
$info->i_speed_high(): Speed of a high-speed link, human format. See munge_highspeed() later in document for details. You should not need to call this directly, as i_speed() will call it if it needs to.
("ifHighSpeed")
$info->i_mac(): MAC address of the interface. Note this is just the MAC of the port, not anything connected to it.
("ifPhysAddress")
$info->i_up(): Link Status of the interface. Typical values are 'up' and 'down'.
("ifOperStatus")
$info->i_up_admin(): Administrative status of the port. Typical values are 'enabled' and 'disabled'.
("ifAdminStatus")
$info->i_lastchange(): The value of "sysUpTime" when this port last changed states (up,down).
("ifLastChange")
$info->i_name(): Interface Name field. Supported by a smaller subset of devices, this fields is often human set.
("ifName")
$info->i_alias(): Interface Name field. For certain devices this is a more human friendly form of i_description(). For others it is a human set field like i_name().
("ifAlias")

Interface Statistics

$info->i_octet_in(), $info->i_octets_out(), $info->i_octet_in64(), $info->i_octets_out64()

Bandwidth.

Number of octets sent/received on the interface including framing characters.

64 bit version may not exist on all devices.

NOTE: To manipulate 64 bit counters you need to use Math::BigInt, since the values are too large for a normal Perl scalar. Set the global $SNMP::Info::BIGINT to 1 , or pass the BigInt value to new() if you want SNMP::Info to do it for you.

("ifInOctets") ("ifOutOctets") ("ifHCInOctets") ("ifHCOutOctets")

$info->i_errors_in(), $info->i_errors_out()

Number of packets that contained an error preventing delivery. See "IF-MIB" for more info.

("ifInErrors") ("ifOutErrors")

$info->i_pkts_ucast_in(), $info->i_pkts_ucast_out(), $info->i_pkts_ucast_in64(), $info->i_pkts_ucast_out64()

Number of packets not sent to a multicast or broadcast address.

64 bit version may not exist on all devices.

("ifInUcastPkts") ("ifOutUcastPkts") ("ifHCInUcastPkts") ("ifHCOutUcastPkts")

$info->i_pkts_nucast_in(), $info->i_pkts_nucast_out(),

Number of packets sent to a multicast or broadcast address.

These methods are deprecated by i_pkts_multi_in() and i_pkts_bcast_in() according to "IF-MIB". Actual device usage may vary.

("ifInNUcastPkts") ("ifOutNUcastPkts")

$info->i_pkts_multi_in() $info->i_pkts_multi_out(), $info->i_pkts_multi_in64(), $info->i_pkts_multi_out64()

Number of packets sent to a multicast address.

64 bit version may not exist on all devices.

("ifInMulticastPkts") ("ifOutMulticastPkts") ("ifHCInMulticastPkts") ("ifHCOutMulticastPkts")

$info->i_pkts_bcast_in() $info->i_pkts_bcast_out(), $info->i_pkts_bcast_in64() $info->i_pkts_bcast_out64()

Number of packets sent to a broadcast address on an interface.

64 bit version may not exist on all devices.

("ifInBroadcastPkts") ("ifOutBroadcastPkts") ("ifHCInBroadcastPkts") ("ifHCOutBroadcastPkts")

$info->i_discards_in() $info->i_discards_out()

``The number of inbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even though no errors had been detected to prevent their being deliverable to a higher-layer protocol. One possible reason for discarding such a packet could be to free up buffer space.'' ("IF-MIB")

("ifInDiscards") ("ifOutDiscards")

$info->i_bad_proto_in()

``For packet-oriented interfaces, the number of packets received via the interface which were discarded because of an unknown or unsupported protocol. For character-oriented or fixed-length interfaces that support protocol multiplexing the number of transmission units received via the interface which were discarded because of an unknown or unsupported protocol. For any interface that does not support protocol multiplexing, this counter will always be 0.''

("ifInUnknownProtos")

$info->i_qlen_out()

``The length of the output packet queue (in packets).''

("ifOutQLen")

$info->i_specific()

See "IF-MIB" for full description

("ifSpecific")

IP Address Table

Each entry in this table is an IP address in use on this device. Usually this is implemented in Layer3 Devices.

$info->ip_index(): Maps the IP Table to the IID
("ipAdEntIfIndex")
$info->ip_table(): Maps the Table to the IP address
("ipAdEntAddr")
$info->ip_netmask(): Gives netmask setting for IP table entry.
("ipAdEntNetMask")
$info->ip_broadcast(): Gives broadcast address for IP table entry.
("ipAdEntBcastAddr")

IP Routing Table

$info->ipr_route()

The route in question. A value of 0.0.0.0 is the default gateway route.

("ipRouteDest")

$info->ipr_if()

The interface (IID) that the route is on. Use interfaces() to map.

("ipRouteIfIndex")

$info->ipr_1()

Primary routing metric for this route.

("ipRouteMetric1")

$info->ipr_2()

If metrics are not used, they should be set to -1

("ipRouteMetric2")

$info->ipr_3()

("ipRouteMetric3")

$info->ipr_4()

("ipRouteMetric4")

$info->ipr_5()

("ipRouteMetric5")

$info->ipr_dest()

From RFC1213:

  "The IP address of the next hop of this route.
  (In the case of a route bound to an interface
  which is realized via a broadcast media, the value
  of this field is the agent's IP address on that
  interface.)"

("ipRouteNextHop")

$info->ipr_type()

From RFC1213:

    other(1),        -- none of the following
    invalid(2),      -- an invalidated route
                     -- route to directly
    direct(3),       -- connected (sub-)network
                     -- route to a non-local
    indirect(4)      -- host/network/sub-network
      "The type of route.  Note that the values
      direct(3) and indirect(4) refer to the notion of
      direct and indirect routing in the IP
      architecture.
      Setting this object to the value invalid(2) has
      the effect of invalidating the corresponding entry
      in the ipRouteTable object.  That is, it
      effectively disassociates the destination
      identified with said entry from the route
      identified with said entry.  It is an
      implementation-specific matter as to whether the
      agent removes an invalidated entry from the table.
      Accordingly, management stations must be prepared
      to receive tabular information from agents that
      corresponds to entries not currently in use.
      Proper interpretation of such entries requires
      examination of the relevant ipRouteType object."

("ipRouteType")

$info->ipr_proto()

From RFC1213:

    other(1),       -- none of the following
                    -- non-protocol information,
                    -- e.g., manually configured
    local(2),       -- entries
                    -- set via a network
    netmgmt(3),     -- management protocol
                    -- obtained via ICMP,
    icmp(4),        -- e.g., Redirect
                    -- the remaining values are
                    -- all gateway routing
                    -- protocols
    egp(5),
    ggp(6),
    hello(7),
    rip(8),
    is-is(9),
    es-is(10),
    ciscoIgrp(11),
    bbnSpfIgp(12),
    ospf(13),
    bgp(14)

("ipRouteProto")

$info->ipr_age()

Seconds since route was last updated or validated.

("ipRouteAge")

$info->ipr_mask()

Subnet Mask of route. 0.0.0.0 for default gateway.

("ipRouteMask")

$info->ipr_info()

Reference to MIB definition specific to routing protocol.

("ipRouteInfo")

Topology Information

Based upon the manufacturer and software version devices may support some combination of Layer 2 topology protocol information. SNMP::Info supports querying Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP), Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), SynOptics/Bay/Nortel/Avaya Network Management Protocol (SONMP), Foundry/Brocade Discovery Protocol (FDP), Extreme Discovery Protocol (EDP), and Alcatel Mapping Adjacency Protocol (AMAP).

For protocol specific information and implementation:

LLDP: See SNMP::Info::LLDP for details.
CDP: See SNMP::Info::CDP for details.
SONMP: See SNMP::Info::SONMP for details.
FDP: See SNMP::Info::FDP for details.
EDP: See SNMP::Info::EDP for details.
AMAP: See SNMP::Info::AMAP for details.

Topology Capabilities

$info->has_topo(): Reports Layer 2 topology protocols which are supported and running on a device.
Returns either a reference to an array of protocols, possible values being: "lldp", "cdp", "sonmp", "fdp", "edp", "amap" or "undef" if no protocols are supported or running.

Common Topology Table Information

The common topology table methods below will query the device for information from the specified topology protocols and return a single hash combining all information. As a result, there may be identical topology information returned from the two protocols causing duplicate entries. It is the calling program's responsibility to identify any duplicate entries and remove duplicates if necessary. If it is necessary to understand which protocol provided the information, utilize the protocol specific methods directly rather than the generic methods.

The methods support partial table fetches by providing a partial as the first argument.

If a reference to an array is provided as the second argument, those protocols will be queried for information. The supported array values are: "lldp", "cdp", "sonmp", "fdp", "edp", "amap".

If nothing is passed in as the second argument, the methods will call has_topo() to determine supported and running topology protocols on the device.

$info->c_ip(partial, topology_protocol_arrayref)

Returns reference to hash. Key: iid, Value: remote IPv4 address

If multiple entries exist with the same local port, c_if(), with the same IPv4 address, c_ip(), it may be a duplicate entry.

If multiple entries exist with the same local port, c_if(), with different IPv4 addresses, c_ip(), there is either a device in between two or more devices utilizing a different topology protocol or multiple devices which are not directly connected.

Use the protocol specific methods to dig deeper.

$info->c_if(partial, topology_protocol_arrayref)

Returns reference to hash. Key: iid, Value: local device port (interfaces)

$info->c_port(partial, topology_protocol_arrayref)

Returns reference to hash. Key: iid, Value: remote port (interfaces)

$info->c_id(partial, topology_protocol_arrayref)

Returns reference to hash. Key: iid, Value: string value used to identify the chassis component associated with the remote system.

Note: SONMP does not return this information.

$info->c_platform(partial, topology_protocol_arrayref)

Returns reference to hash. Key: iid, Value: Remote Device Type

Note: EDP does not provide this information. LLDP uses ("lldpRemSysDesc") or "lldp_rem_sysname" as the closest match.

$info->c_cap(partial, topology_protocol_arrayref)

Returns reference to hash of arrays. Key: iid, Value: Array of capabilities supported by the device. See the specific protocol class for string values which could be elements within the array.

Note: Only CDP and LLDP support this method.

SETTING DATA VIA SNMP

This section explains how to use SNMP::Info to do SNMP Set operations.

$info->set_METHOD($value)

Sets the global METHOD to value. Assumes that iid is .0

Returns if failed, or the return value from SNMP::Session::set() (snmp_errno)

 $info->set_location("Here!");

$info->set_METHOD($value,$iid)

Table Methods. Set iid of method to value.

Returns if failed, or the return value from SNMP::Session::set() (snmp_errno)

 # Disable a port administratively
 my %if_map = reverse %{$info->interfaces()}
 $info->set_i_up_admin('down', $if_map{'FastEthernet0/0'}) 
    or die "Couldn't disable the port. ",$info->error(1);

NOTE: You must be connected to your device with a "ReadWrite" community string in order for set operations to work.

NOTE: This will only set data listed in %FUNCS and %GLOBALS. For data acquired from overridden methods (subroutines) specific set_METHOD() subroutines will need to be added if they haven't been already.

Quiet Mode

SNMP::Info will not chirp anything to STDOUT unless there is a serious error (in which case it will probably die).

To get lots of debug info, set the Debug flag when calling new() or call $info->debug(1);

When calling a method check the return value. If the return value is undef then check $info->error()

Beware, calling $info->error() clears the error.

 my $name = $info->name() or die "Couldn't get sysName!" . $name->error();

EXTENDING SNMP::INFO

To support a new class (vendor or platform) of device, add a Perl package with the data structures and methods listed below.

If this seems a little scary, then the SNMP::Info developers are usually happy to accept the SNMP data from your device and make an attempt at the class themselves. Usually a ``beta'' release will go to CPAN for you to verify the implementation.

Gathering MIB data for SNMP::Info Developers

The preference is to open a feature request in the SourceForge project. This allows all developers to have visibility into the request. Please include pointers to the applicable platform MIBs. For development we will need an "snmpwalk" of the device. There is a tool now included in the SNMP::Info distribution to help with this task, although you'll most likely need to download the distribution from CPAN as it's included in the ""t/util"" directory.

The utility is named "make_snmpdata.pl". Run it with a command line like:

 ./make_snmpdata.pl -c community -i -d device_ip \
  -m /home/netdisco-mibs/rfc:/home/netdisco-mibs/net-snmp:/home/netdisco-mibs/dir3 \
  SNMPv2-MIB IF-MIB EtherLike-MIB BRIDGE-MIB Q-BRIDGE-MIB ENTITY-MIB \
  POWER-ETHERNET-MIB IPV6-MIB LLDP-MIB DEVICE-SPECIFIC-MIB-NAME(s) > output.txt

This will print to the file every MIB entry with data in a format that the developers can use to emulate read operations without needing access to the device. Preference would be to mask any sensitive data in the output, zip the file, and upload as an attachment to the Sourceforge tracker. However, if you do not feel comfortable uploading the output to the tracker you could e-mail it to the developer that has claimed the ticket.

Data Structures required in new Subclass

A class inheriting this class must implement these data structures :

$INIT

Used to flag if the MIBs have been loaded yet.

%GLOBALS

Contains a hash in the form ( method_name => SNMP MIB leaf name ) These are scalar values such as name, uptime, etc.

To resolve MIB leaf name conflicts between private MIBs, you may prefix the leaf name with the MIB replacing each - (dash) and : (colon) with an _ (underscore). For example, ALTEON_TIGON_SWITCH_MIB__agSoftwareVersion would be used as the hash value instead of the net-snmp notation ALTEON-TIGON-SWITCH-MIB::agSoftwareVersion.

When choosing the name for the methods, be aware that other new Sub Modules might inherit this one to get it's features. Try to choose a prefix for methods that will give it's own name space inside the SNMP::Info methods.

%FUNCS

Contains a hash in the form ( method_name => SNMP MIB leaf name) These are table entries, such as the "ifIndex"

To resolve MIB leaf name conflicts between private MIBs, you may prefix the leaf name with the MIB replacing each - (dash) and : (colon) with an _ (underscore). For example, ALTEON_TS_PHYSICAL_MIB__agPortCurCfgPortName would be used as the hash value instead of the net-snmp notation ALTEON-TS-PHYSICAL-MIB::agPortCurCfgPortName.

%MIBS

A list of each mib needed.

    ('MIB-NAME' => 'itemToTestForPresence')

The value for each entry should be a MIB object to check for to make sure that the MIB is present and has loaded correctly.

$info->init() will throw an exception if a MIB does not load.

%MUNGE

A map between method calls (from %FUNCS or %GLOBALS) and subroutine methods. The subroutine called will be passed the data as it gets it from SNMP and it should return that same data in a more human friendly format.

Sample %MUNGE:

 (my_ip     => \&munge_ip,
  my_mac    => \&munge_mac,
  my_layers => \&munge_dec2bin
 )

Sample Subclass

Let's make a sample Layer 2 Device subclass. This class will inherit the Cisco Vlan module as an example.

----------------------- snip --------------------------------

 # SNMP::Info::Layer2::Sample
 package SNMP::Info::Layer2::Sample;
 $VERSION = 0.1;
 use strict;
 use Exporter;
 use SNMP::Info::Layer2;
 use SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP;
 @SNMP::Info::Layer2::Sample::ISA = qw/SNMP::Info::Layer2
                                       SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP Exporter/;
 @SNMP::Info::Layer2::Sample::EXPORT_OK = qw//;
 use vars qw/$VERSION %FUNCS %GLOBALS %MIBS %MUNGE $AUTOLOAD $INIT $DEBUG/;
 %MIBS    = (%SNMP::Info::Layer2::MIBS,
             %SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP::MIBS,
             'SUPER-DOOPER-MIB'  => 'supermibobject'
            );
 %GLOBALS = (%SNMP::Info::Layer2::GLOBALS,
             %SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP::GLOBALS,
             'name'              => 'supermib_supername',
             'favorite_color'    => 'supermib_fav_color_object',
             'favorite_movie'    => 'supermib_fav_movie_val'
             );
 %FUNCS   = (%SNMP::Info::Layer2::FUNCS,
             %SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP::FUNCS,
             # Super Dooper MIB - Super Hero Table
             'super_hero_index'  => 'SuperHeroIfIndex',
             'super_hero_name'   => 'SuperHeroIfName',
             'super_hero_powers' => 'SuperHeroIfPowers'
            );
 %MUNGE   = (%SNMP::Info::Layer2::MUNGE,
             %SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP::MUNGE,
             'super_hero_powers' => \&munge_powers
            );
 # OverRide uptime() method from %SNMP::Info::GLOBALS
 sub uptime {
     my $sample = shift;
     my $name   = $sample->name();
     # this is silly but you get the idea
     return '600' if defined $name ;
 }
 # Create our own munge function
 sub munge_powers {
     my $power = shift;
     # Take the returned obscure value and return something useful.
     return 'Fire' if $power =~ /reallyhot/i;
     return 'Ice'  if $power =~ /reallycold/i;
     # Else 
     return $power;
 }
 # Copious Documentation here!!!
 =head1 NAME
 =head1 AUTHOR
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
 =head2 Inherited Classes
 =head2 Required MIBs
 =head1 GLOBALS
 =head2 Overrides
 =head1 TABLE METHODS
 =head2 Overrides
 =cut
 1; # don't forget this line
----------------------- snip --------------------------------

Be sure and send the debugged version to [email protected] to be included in the next version of SNMP::Info.

SNMP::INFO INTERNALS

Object Namespace

Internal data is stored with bareword keys. For example $info->{debug}

SNMP Data is stored or marked cached with keys starting with an underscore. For example $info->{_name} is the cache for $info->name().

Cached Table data is stored in $info->store() and marked cached per above.

Package Globals

These set the default value for an object upon creation.

$DEBUG: Default 0. Sends copious debug info to stdout. This global sets the object's debug status in new() unless 'Debug' argument passed in new(). Change objects' debug status with $info->debug().
$BIGINT: Default 0. Set to true to have 64 bit counters return Math::BigInt objects instead of scalar string values. See note under Interface Statistics about 64 bit values.
$NOSUCH: Default 1. Set to false to disable RetryNoSuch option for SNMP::Session. Or see method in new() to do it on an object scope.
$REPEATERS: Default 20. MaxRepeaters for BULKWALK operations. See "perldoc SNMP" for more info. Can change by passing BulkRepeaters option in new()

Data Munging Callback Subroutines

munge_speed()

Makes human friendly speed ratings using %SPEED_MAP

 %SPEED_MAP = (
                '56000'      => '56 kbps',
                '64000'      => '64 kbps',
                '115000'     => '115 kpbs',
                '1500000'    => '1.5 Mbps',
                '1536000'    => 'T1',      
                '1544000'    => 'T1',
                '2000000'    => '2.0 Mbps',
                '2048000'    => '2.048 Mbps',
                '3072000'    => 'Dual T1',
                '3088000'    => 'Dual T1',   
                '4000000'    => '4.0 Mbps',
                '10000000'   => '10 Mbps',
                '11000000'   => '11 Mbps',
                '20000000'   => '20 Mbps',
                '16000000'   => '16 Mbps',
                '16777216'   => '16 Mbps',
                '44210000'   => 'T3',
                '44736000'   => 'T3',
                '45000000'   => '45 Mbps',
                '45045000'   => 'DS3',
                '46359642'   => 'DS3',
                '51850000'   => 'OC-1',
                '54000000'   => '54 Mbps',
                '64000000'   => '64 Mbps',
                '100000000'  => '100 Mbps',
                '200000000'  => '200 Mbps',
                '149760000'  => 'ATM on OC-3',
                '155000000'  => 'OC-3',
                '155519000'  => 'OC-3',
                '155520000'  => 'OC-3',
                '400000000'  => '400 Mbps',
                '599040000'  => 'ATM on OC-12', 
                '622000000'  => 'OC-12',
                '622080000'  => 'OC-12',
                '1000000000' => '1.0 Gbps',
                '2000000000' => '2.0 Gbps',
                '2488000000' => 'OC-48',
             )

Note: high speed interfaces (usually 1 Gbps or faster) have their link speed in "ifHighSpeed". i_speed() automatically determines whether to use "ifSpeed" or "ifHighSpeed"; if the latter is used, the value is munged by munge_highspeed(). SNMP::Info can return speeds up to terabit levels this way.

munge_highspeed()

Makes human friendly speed ratings for "ifHighSpeed"

munge_ip()

Takes a binary IP and makes it dotted ASCII

munge_mac()

Takes an octet stream (HEX-STRING) and returns a colon separated ASCII hex string.

munge_prio_mac()

Takes an 2-byte octet stream (HEX-STRING) and returns a colon separated ASCII hex string.

munge_prio_port()

Takes an 8-byte octet stream (HEX-STRING) and returns a colon separated ASCII hex string.

munge_octet2hex()

Takes a binary octet stream and returns an ASCII hex string

munge_dec2bin()

Takes a binary char and returns its ASCII binary representation

munge_bits

Takes a SNMP2 'BITS' field and returns the ASCII bit string

munge_counter64

If $BIGINT is set to true, then a Math::BigInt object is returned. See Math::BigInt for details.

munge_i_up

Net-SNMP tends to load "RFC1213-MIB" first, and so ignores the updated enumeration for "ifOperStatus" in "IF-MIB". This munge handles the ``newer'' definitions for the enumeration in IF-MIB.

TODO: Get the precedence of MIBs and overriding of MIB data in Net-SNMP figured out. Heirarchy/precendence of MIBS in SNMP::Info.

munge_port_list

Takes an octet string representing a set of ports and returns a reference to an array of binary values each array element representing a port.

If the element has a value of '1', then that port is included in the set of ports; the port is not included if it has a value of '0'.

munge_null()

Removes control characters from a string

munge_e_type()

Takes an OID and return the object name if the right MIB is loaded.

Internally Used Functions

$info->init()

Used internally. Loads all entries in %MIBS.

$info->args()

Returns a reference to the argument hash supplied to SNMP::Session

$info->class()

Returns the class name of the object.

$info->error_throw(error message)

Stores the error message for use by $info->error()

If $info->debug() is true, then the error message is carped too.

$info->funcs()

Returns a reference to the %FUNCS hash.

$info->globals()

Returns a reference to the %GLOBALS hash.

$info->mibs()

Returns a reference to the %MIBS hash.

$info->munge()

Returns a reference of the %MUNGE hash.

$info->nosuch()

Returns NoSuch value set or not in new()

$info->session()

Gets or Sets the SNMP::Session object.

$info->store(new_store)

Returns or sets hash store for Table functions.

Store is a hash reference in this format :

$info->store = { attribute => { iid => value , iid2 => value2, ... } };

$info->_global()

Used internally by AUTOLOAD to create dynamic methods from %GLOBALS or a single instance MIB Leaf node name from a loaded MIB.

Example: $info->name() on the first call dispatches to AUTOLOAD() which calls $info->_global('name') creating the method name().

These methods return data as a scalar.

$info->_set(attr,val,iid,type)

Used internally by set_multi() to run an SNMP set command. When run clears attr cache.

Attr can be passed as either a scalar or a reference to an array or array of arrays when used with set_multi().

Example: $info->set_name('dog',3) uses autoload to resolve to $info->_set('name','dog',3);

$info->_make_setter(val,iid)

Used internally by AUTOLOAD to create dynamic methods from either %GLOBALS, %FUNCS, or a valid mib leaf from a loaded MIB which runs an SNMP set command. When run clears the attribute cache.

Example: $info->set_name('dog',3) dispatches to autoload to resolve to $info->_set('name','dog',3) and _make_setter creates the set_name() method.

$info->set_multi(arrayref)

Used to run an SNMP set command on several new values in the one request. Returns the result of $info->_set(method).

Pass either a reference to a 4 element array [<obj>, <iid>, <val>, <type>] or a reference to an array of 4 element arrays to specify multiple values.

    <obj> - One of the following forms:
        1) leaf identifier (e.g., C<'sysContact'>)
        2) An entry in either %FUNCS, %GLOBALS (e.g., 'contact')
    <iid> - The dotted-decimal, instance identifier. For scalar MIB objects
             use '0'
    <val>  - The SNMP data value being set (e.g., 'netdisco')
    <type> - Optional as the MIB should be loaded.

If one of the set assignments is invalid, then the request will be rejected without applying any of the new values - regardless of the order they appear in the list.

Example:
    my $vlan_set = [
        ['qb_v_untagged',``$old_vlan_id'',``$old_untagged_portlist''],
        ['qb_v_egress',``$new_vlan_id'',``$new_egress_portlist''],
        ['qb_v_egress',``$old_vlan_id'',``$old_egress_portlist''],
        ['qb_v_untagged',``$new_vlan_id'',``$new_untagged_portlist''],
        ['qb_i_vlan',``$port'',``$new_vlan_id''],
    ];

    $info->set_multi($vlan_set);

$info->load_all()

Debugging routine. This does not include any overridden method or method implemented by subroutine.

Runs $info->load_METHOD() for each entry in $info->funcs();

Returns $info->store() --- See store() entry.

Note return value has changed since version 0.3

$info->all()

Runs $info->load_all() once then returns $info->store();

Use $info->load_all() to reload the data.

Note return value has changed since version 0.3

$info->_load_attr()

Used internally by AUTOLOAD to create dynamic methods from %FUNCS or a MIB Leaf node name contained within a table of a loaded MIB.

Supports partial table fetches and single instance table fetches. See ``Partial Table Fetches'' in SNMP::Info.

These methods return data as a reference to a hash.

$info->_show_attr()

Used internally by AUTOLOAD to return data called by methods listed in %FUNCS.

$info->snmp_connect_ip(ip)

Returns true or false based upon snmp connectivity to an IP.

modify_port_list(portlist,offset,replacement)

Replaces the specified bit in a port_list array and returns the packed bitmask

$info->_cache(attr, data)

Cache retrieved data so that if it's asked for again, we use the cache instead of going back to Net-SNMP. Data is cached inside the blessed hashref $self.

Accepts the leaf and value (scalar, or hashref for a table). Does not return anything useful.

$info->_munge(attr, data)

Raw data returned from Net-SNMP might not be formatted correctly or might have platform-specific bugs or mistakes. The MUNGE feature of SNMP::Info allows for fixups to take place.

Accepts the leaf and value (scalar, or hashref for a table) and returns the raw or the munged data, as appropriate. That is, you do not need to know whether MUNGE is installed, and it's safe to call this method regardless.

_validate_autoload_method(method)

Used internally by AUTOLOAD to validate that a dynamic method should be created. Returns the OID of the MIB leaf node the method will get or set.

1. Returns unless method is listed in %FUNCS, %GLOBALS, or is MIB Leaf node name in a loaded MIB for given class.
2. Translates the MIB Leaf node name to an OID.
3. Checks to see if the method access type is allowed for the resolved OID. Write access for set_ methods, read access for others.

$info->can()

Overrides UNIVERSAL::can() so that objects will correctly report their capabilities to include dynamic methods generated at run time via AUTOLOAD.

Calls parent can() first to see if method exists, if not validates that a method should be created then dispatches to the appropriate internal method for creation. The newly created method is inserted into the symbol table returning to AUTOLOAD only for the initial method call.

Returns undef if the method does not exist and can not be created.

AUTOLOAD

Each entry in either %FUNCS, %GLOBALS, or MIB Leaf node names present in loaded MIBs are used by AUTOLOAD() to create dynamic methods. Generated methods are inserted into the symbol table so that subsequent calls can avoid AUTOLOAD() and dispatch directly.

1. Returns unless method is listed in %FUNCS, %GLOBALS, or is a MIB Leaf node name in a loaded MIB for given class.
2. If the method exists in %GLOBALS or is a single instance MIB Leaf node name from a loaded MIB, _global() generates the method.
3. If a set_ prefix is present _make_setter() generates the method.
4. If the method exists in %FUNCS or is a MIB Leaf node name contained within a table from a loaded MIB, _load_attr() generates the method.
5. A load_ prefix forces reloading of data and does not use cached data.
6. A _raw suffix returns data ignoring any munge routines.

Override any dynamic method listed in %GLOBALS, %FUNCS, or MIB Leaf node name a by creating a subroutine with the same name.

For example to override $info->name() create `` sub name {...}'' in your subclass.

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
    * Neither the name of the University of California, Santa Cruz nor the 
      names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products 
      derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

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REQUIREMENTS

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Thanks

USAGE

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SETTING DATA VIA SNMP

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Gathering MIB data for SNMP::Info Developers

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Sample Subclass

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