SYNOPSIS

use Test::More tests => 5;
use Test::Exception;
# or if you don't need Test::More
use Test::Exception tests => 5;
# then...
# Check that the stringified exception matches given regex
throws_ok { $foo->method } qr/division by zero/, 'zero caught okay';
# Check an exception of the given class (or subclass) is thrown
throws_ok { $foo->method } 'Error::Simple', 'simple error thrown';

# all Test::Exceptions subroutines are guaranteed to preserve the state
# of $@ so you can do things like this after throws_ok and dies_ok
like $@, 'what the stringified exception should look like';
# Check that something died - we do not care why
dies_ok { $foo->method } 'expecting to die';
# Check that something did not die
lives_ok { $foo->method } 'expecting to live';
# Check that a test runs without an exception
lives_and { is $foo->method, 42 } 'method is 42';

# or if you don't like prototyped functions

throws_ok( sub { $foo->method }, qr/division by zero/,
'zero caught okay' );
throws_ok( sub { $foo->method }, 'Error::Simple',
'simple error thrown' );
dies_ok( sub { $foo->method }, 'expecting to die' );
lives_ok( sub { $foo->method }, 'expecting to live' );
lives_and( sub { is $foo->method, 42 }, 'method is 42' );

DESCRIPTION

If you are not already familiar with Test::More now would be the time to go take a look.

You can specify the test plan when you "use Test::Exception" in the same way as "use Test::More". See Test::More for details.

NOTE: Test::Exception only checks for exceptions. It will ignore other methods of stopping program execution - including exit(). If you have an exit() in evalled code Test::Exception will not catch this with any of its testing functions.

NOTE: This module uses Sub::Uplevel and relies on overriding "CORE::GLOBAL::caller" to hide your test blocks from the call stack. If this use of global overrides concerns you, the Test::Fatal module offers a more minimalist alternative.

throws_ok

Tests to see that a specific exception is thrown. throws_ok() has two forms:

  throws_ok BLOCK REGEX, TEST_DESCRIPTION
  throws_ok BLOCK CLASS, TEST_DESCRIPTION

In the first form the test passes if the stringified exception matches the give regular expression. For example:

    throws_ok { read_file( 'unreadable' ) } qr/No file/, 'no file';

If your perl does not support "qr//" you can also pass a regex-like string, for example:

    throws_ok { read_file( 'unreadable' ) } '/No file/', 'no file';

The second form of throws_ok() test passes if the exception is of the same class as the one supplied, or a subclass of that class. For example:

    throws_ok { $foo->bar } "Error::Simple", 'simple error';

Will only pass if the "bar" method throws an Error::Simple exception, or a subclass of an Error::Simple exception.

You can get the same effect by passing an instance of the exception you want to look for. The following is equivalent to the previous example:

    my $SIMPLE = Error::Simple->new;
    throws_ok { $foo->bar } $SIMPLE, 'simple error';

Should a throws_ok() test fail it produces appropriate diagnostic messages. For example:

    not ok 3 - simple error
    #     Failed test (test.t at line 48)
    # expecting: Error::Simple exception
    # found: normal exit

Like all other Test::Exception functions you can avoid prototypes by passing a subroutine explicitly:

    throws_ok( sub {$foo->bar}, "Error::Simple", 'simple error' );

A true value is returned if the test succeeds, false otherwise. On exit $@ is guaranteed to be the cause of death (if any).

A description of the exception being checked is used if no optional test description is passed.

NOTE: Remember when you "die $string_without_a_trailing_newline" perl will automatically add the current script line number, input line number and a newline. This will form part of the string that throws_ok regular expressions match against.

dies_ok

Checks that a piece of code dies, rather than returning normally. For example:

    sub div {
        my ( $a, $b ) = @_;
        return $a / $b;
    };
    dies_ok { div( 1, 0 ) } 'divide by zero detected';
    # or if you don't like prototypes
    dies_ok( sub { div( 1, 0 ) }, 'divide by zero detected' );

A true value is returned if the test succeeds, false otherwise. On exit $@ is guaranteed to be the cause of death (if any).

Remember: This test will pass if the code dies for any reason. If you care about the reason it might be more sensible to write a more specific test using throws_ok().

The test description is optional, but recommended.

lives_ok

Checks that a piece of code doesn't die. This allows your test script to continue, rather than aborting if you get an unexpected exception. For example:

    sub read_file {
        my $file = shift;
        local $/;
        open my $fh, '<', $file or die "open failed ($!)\n";
        $file = <FILE>;
        return $file;
    };
    my $file;
    lives_ok { $file = read_file('test.txt') } 'file read';
    # or if you don't like prototypes
    lives_ok( sub { $file = read_file('test.txt') }, 'file read' );

Should a lives_ok() test fail it produces appropriate diagnostic messages. For example:

    not ok 1 - file read
    #     Failed test (test.t at line 15)
    # died: open failed (No such file or directory)

A true value is returned if the test succeeds, false otherwise. On exit $@ is guaranteed to be the cause of death (if any).

The test description is optional, but recommended.

lives_and

Run a test that may throw an exception. For example, instead of doing:

  my $file;
  lives_ok { $file = read_file('answer.txt') } 'read_file worked';
  is $file, "42", 'answer was 42';

You can use lives_and() like this:

  lives_and { is read_file('answer.txt'), "42" } 'answer is 42';
  # or if you don't like prototypes
  lives_and(sub {is read_file('answer.txt'), "42"}, 'answer is 42');

Which is the same as doing

  is read_file('answer.txt'), "42\n", 'answer is 42';

unless "read_file('answer.txt')" dies, in which case you get the same kind of error as lives_ok()

  not ok 1 - answer is 42
  #     Failed test (test.t at line 15)
  # died: open failed (No such file or directory)

A true value is returned if the test succeeds, false otherwise. On exit $@ is guaranteed to be the cause of death (if any).

The test description is optional, but recommended.

SKIPPING TEST::EXCEPTION TESTS

  use strict;
  use warnings;
  use Test::More;
  
  BEGIN {
      eval "use Test::Exception";
      plan skip_all => "Test::Exception needed" if $@;
  }
  
  plan tests => 2;
  # ... tests that need Test::Exception ...

Note that we load Test::Exception in a "BEGIN" block ensuring that the subroutine prototypes are in place before the rest of the test script is compiled.

COMMUNITY

perl-qa

If you are interested in testing using Perl I recommend you visit <http://qa.perl.org/> and join the excellent perl-qa mailing list. See <http://lists.perl.org/showlist.cgi?name=perl-qa> for details on how to subscribe.

perlmonks

You can find users of Test::Exception, including the module author, on <http://www.perlmonks.org/>. Feel free to ask questions on Test::Exception there.

CPAN::Forum

The CPAN Forum is a web forum for discussing Perl's CPAN modules. The Test::Exception forum can be found at <http://www.cpanforum.com/dist/Test-Exception>.

AnnoCPAN

AnnoCPAN is a web site that allows community annotations of Perl module documentation. The Test::Exception annotations can be found at <http://annocpan.org/~ADIE/Test-Exception/>.

TO DO

You can see my current to do list at <http://adrianh.tadalist.com/lists/public/15421>, with an RSS feed of changes at <http://adrianh.tadalist.com/lists/feed_public/15421>.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Thanks to Adam Kennedy, Andy Lester, Aristotle Pagaltzis, Ben Prew, Cees Hek, Chris Dolan, chromatic, Curt Sampson, David Cantrell, David Golden, David Tulloh, David Wheeler, J. K. O'Brien, Janek Schleicher, Jim Keenan, Jos I. Boumans, Joshua ben Jore, Jost Krieger, Mark Fowler, Michael G Schwern, Nadim Khemir, Paul McCann, Perrin Harkins, Peter Rabbitson, Peter Scott, Ricardo Signes, Rob Muhlestein, Scott R. Godin, Steve Purkis, Steve, Tim Bunce, and various anonymous folk for comments, suggestions, bug reports and patches.

AUTHOR

If you can spare the time, please drop me a line if you find this module useful.

LICENCE

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.