DESCRIPTION

This module provides the functions used by PDL to overload the basic mathematical operators ("+ - / *" etc.) and functions ("sin sqrt" etc.)

It also includes the function "log10", which should be a perl function so that we can overload it!

Matrix multiplication (the operator "x") is handled by the module PDL::Primitive.

SYNOPSIS

none

FUNCTIONS

plus

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

add two piddles

   $c = plus $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a + $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->plus($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "+" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

plus processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

mult

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

multiply two piddles

   $c = mult $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a * $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->mult($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "*" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

mult processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

minus

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

subtract two piddles

   $c = minus $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a - $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->minus($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "-" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

minus processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

divide

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

divide two piddles

   $c = divide $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a / $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->divide($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "/" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

divide processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

gt

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

the binary > (greater than) operation

   $c = gt $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a > $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->gt($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary ">" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

gt processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

lt

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

the binary < (less than) operation

   $c = lt $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a < $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->lt($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "<" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

lt processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

le

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

the binary <= (less equal) operation

   $c = le $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a <= $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->le($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "<=" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

le processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

ge

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

the binary >= (greater equal) operation

   $c = ge $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a >= $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->ge($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary ">=" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

ge processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

eq

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

binary equal to operation ("==")

   $c = eq $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a == $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->eq($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "==" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

eq processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

ne

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

binary not equal to operation ("!=")

   $c = ne $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a != $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->ne($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "!=" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

ne processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

shiftleft

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

leftshift $a by $b

   $c = shiftleft $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a << $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->shiftleft($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "<<" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

shiftleft processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

shiftright

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

rightshift $a by $b

   $c = shiftright $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a >> $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->shiftright($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary ">>" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

shiftright processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

or2

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

binary or of two piddles

   $c = or2 $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a | $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->or2($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "|" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

or2 processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

and2

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

binary and of two piddles

   $c = and2 $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a & $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->and2($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "&" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

and2 processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

xor

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

binary exclusive or of two piddles

   $c = xor $a, $b, 0;     # explicit call with trailing 0
   $c = $a ^ $b;           # overloaded call
   $a->inplace->xor($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "^" operator. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

xor processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

bitnot

  Signature: (a(); [o]b())

unary bit negation

   $b = ~ $a;
   $a->inplace->bitnot;  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the unary "~" operator/function.

bitnot processes bad values. It will set the bad-value flag of all output piddles if the flag is set for any of the input piddles.

power

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

raise piddle $a to the power $b

   $c = $a->power($b,0); # explicit function call
   $c = $a ** $b;    # overloaded use
   $a->inplace->power($b,0);     # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "**" function. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

power processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

atan2

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

elementwise "atan2" of two piddles

   $c = $a->atan2($b,0); # explicit function call
   $c = atan2 $a, $b;    # overloaded use
   $a->inplace->atan2($b,0);     # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "atan2" function. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

atan2 processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

modulo

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

elementwise "modulo" operation

   $c = $a->modulo($b,0); # explicit function call
   $c = $a % $b;    # overloaded use
   $a->inplace->modulo($b,0);     # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "%" function. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

modulo processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

spaceship

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o]c(); int swap)

elementwise ``<=>'' operation

   $c = $a->spaceship($b,0); # explicit function call
   $c = $a <=> $b;    # overloaded use
   $a->inplace->spaceship($b,0);     # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the binary "<=>" function. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

spaceship processes bad values. The state of the bad-value flag of the output piddles is unknown.

sqrt

  Signature: (a(); [o]b())

elementwise square root

   $b = sqrt $a;
   $a->inplace->sqrt;  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the unary "sqrt" operator/function.

sqrt processes bad values. It will set the bad-value flag of all output piddles if the flag is set for any of the input piddles.

abs

  Signature: (a(); [o]b())

elementwise absolute value

   $b = abs $a;
   $a->inplace->abs;  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the unary "abs" operator/function.

abs processes bad values. It will set the bad-value flag of all output piddles if the flag is set for any of the input piddles.

sin

  Signature: (a(); [o]b())

the sin function

   $b = sin $a;
   $a->inplace->sin;  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the unary "sin" operator/function.

sin processes bad values. It will set the bad-value flag of all output piddles if the flag is set for any of the input piddles.

cos

  Signature: (a(); [o]b())

the cos function

   $b = cos $a;
   $a->inplace->cos;  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the unary "cos" operator/function.

cos processes bad values. It will set the bad-value flag of all output piddles if the flag is set for any of the input piddles.

not

  Signature: (a(); [o]b())

the elementwise not operation

   $b = ! $a;
   $a->inplace->not;  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the unary "!" operator/function.

not processes bad values. It will set the bad-value flag of all output piddles if the flag is set for any of the input piddles.

exp

  Signature: (a(); [o]b())

the exponential function

   $b = exp $a;
   $a->inplace->exp;  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the unary "exp" operator/function.

exp processes bad values. It will set the bad-value flag of all output piddles if the flag is set for any of the input piddles.

log

  Signature: (a(); [o]b())

the natural logarithm

   $b = log $a;
   $a->inplace->log;  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the unary "log" operator/function.

log processes bad values. It will set the bad-value flag of all output piddles if the flag is set for any of the input piddles.

log10

  Signature: (a(); [o]b())

the base 10 logarithm

   $b = log10 $a;
   $a->inplace->log10;  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. This function is used to overload the unary "log10" operator/function.

log10 processes bad values. It will set the bad-value flag of all output piddles if the flag is set for any of the input piddles.

assgn

  Signature: (a(); [o]b())

Plain numerical assignment. This is used to implement the ``.='' operator

assgn does not process bad values. It will set the bad-value flag of all output piddles if the flag is set for any of the input piddles.

ipow

  Signature: (a(); b(); [o] ans())

raise piddle $a to integer power $b

   $c = $a->ipow($b,0);     # explicit function call
   $c = ipow $a, $b;
   $a->inplace->ipow($b,0);  # modify $a inplace

It can be made to work inplace with the "$a->inplace" syntax. Note that when calling this function explicitly you need to supply a third argument that should generally be zero (see first example). This restriction is expected to go away in future releases.

Algorithm from Wikipedia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentiation_by_squaring>

ipow does not process bad values. It will set the bad-value flag of all output piddles if the flag is set for any of the input piddles.

AUTHOR

Tuomas J. Lukka ([email protected]), Karl Glazebrook ([email protected]), Doug Hunt ([email protected]), Christian Soeller ([email protected]), Doug Burke ([email protected]), and Craig DeForest ([email protected]).